tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-82561592997762078832024-02-20T07:42:01.952-08:00Bestcustomwriting essayHolyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.comBlogger256125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-69357361642312761622020-08-27T16:35:00.001-07:002020-08-27T16:35:06.851-07:00Ontology Development Through Concept Maps Using Text IndicesMetaphysics Development Through Concept Maps Using Text Indices Conceptual Ontology goes about as a stage for information sharing and portrayal to speak to a specific space as altered web data gathering. While building up those ontologies for a specific space, it stresses the information base over the worldwide data than the nearby in data. In this venture speak to a redid cosmology framework for a specific space. Information mining is picked as a space to speak to its ideas and extension comprehensively. This framework is created by looking at the previous ontologies on Data Mining and combining the basic highlights related with it. At long last the ontological model created for the area Data Mining is spoken to as calculated guide utilizing protã ©gã ©. The reasonable guide helps in recognizing the connections between the ideas dependent on the semantics of the terms. Idea guide can be in different various structures. Among that we speak to the idea map for information mining in Onto-Graph. File Terms-Concept Map Mining, Concept Map age, Text Mining. 1. Presentation Different devices and strategies are utilized in the advancement of the training field to achieve the higher outcomes and quality. Information Exploration is the act of utilizing perception strategies to discover unexpected connections between information focuses or sets of focuses in an enormous databases. Perception methods can likewise be applied to data that is now known. The reason for any representation to be utilized in an instructive setting is to encourage the learning of some information (thought, idea, certainty, calculation, relationship). So as to achieve representation it must make associations between the information student and the information being instructed. Applied structures, for example, idea maps, theme maps and theoretical diagrams manage sorting out, handling and envisioning the area information in Web based instructive frameworks (WBES)[1]. Idea maps are foreseen so as to conquer the inadequacies of psyche map. Idea Maps are graphical portrayal of information that are contained ideas and the connections between them. Typically ideas are exemplified in circle or boxes. The connection between ideas is enunciated in connecting phrases, e.g., offers ascend to, results in, is required by, or adds to. Idea map utilizes the triple structure idea connect idea. Idea mapping is a tried, instinctive, low passage cost method for information catch and creation. In Concept map ideas are spoken to in a progressive design with the most comprehensive, most broad ideas at the highest point of the guide and the more explicit, less broad ideas masterminded at the base level. Idea and web cosmology language speak to a similar space information. Idea map includes the hubs and names and Web Ontology Language (OWL) have the classes, occurrences and properties. Figure 1.1 Correspondence of Main Ontology Elements To Concept Map The article is additionally sorted out as follows. In area 2 related takes a shot at calculated guide are described more or less. In area 3 the watchword extraction and idea map age is introduced. In Section 4 the assessment and usage strategies are depicted. The outcomes and conversations and the end are quickly examined in segment 5. 2. RELATED WORKS The fundamental point of this section is to portray the hypothetical establishments and applicable foundation of idea map creation. It additionally draws out the various meanings of philosophy a diagram of catchphrase extraction, cosmology creation, and idea maps the principle point of the undertaking is to build up the area metaphysics for Data Mining so as to give the information base in that space. At this stage it is fundamental to have a look about the prior comparable sort of cosmology and handle the information base on that ontologies. There are different investigates done on the idea of area cosmology particularly on Data Mining. Metaphysics Metaphysics is a formal, unequivocal determination of a mutual conceptualization[2]. It is officially speaks to information as a lot of ideas inside a space, and the connections between sets of ideas. It very well may be utilized to display a space and bolster thinking about ideas. It gives a mutual jargon, which can be utilized to display a space, that is, the sort of articles and additionally ideas that exist, and their properties and relations. Perception A decent perception positively needs to accomplish more, however these rules are helpful to adhere to a meaningful boundary between a ton of things that are frequently called representation and what we consider representation in this field[3]. In light of (non-visual) information. A visualizationââ¬â¢s intention is the correspondence of information. That implies that the information must originate from something that is theoretical or if nothing else not quickly noticeable (like within the human body). This guidelines out photography and picture handling. Representation changes from the imperceptible to the visible[4]. Produce a picture. It might appear glaringly evident that a representation needs to deliver a picture, yet that isn't generally so clear. Likewise, the visual must be the essential methods for correspondence, different modalities can just give extra data. On the off chance that the picture is just a little piece of the procedure, it isn't visualization[5]. Idea Map idea map is a chart that delineates recommended connections between ideas. An idea map ordinarily speaks to thoughts and data as boxes or circles, which it associates with named bolts in a descending fanning various leveled structure. Idea maps are an approach to create consistent reasoning and study aptitudes by uncovering associations and helping understudies perceive how singular thoughts structure a bigger entirety. Idea maps were created to improve important learning in technical disciplines. A very much made idea map develops inside a setting outline characterized by an express center inquiry, while a brain map frequently has just branches transmitting out from a focal picture[6]. Idea Map History Idea Maps (CM) were presented by Joseph Novak as an approach to evaluate childrens comprehension of science with graphical apparatuses to sort out and speak to information (Novak Gowin, 1984)[7]. In a CM, ideas are spoken to in boxes that are connected by named connections; two related ideas (counting their connection) structure a recommendation or semantic unit. Ideas are additionally masterminded progressively with the end goal that increasingly broad ideas are found higher on the guide and explicit ideas, for example, models are found lower. Novak characterizes an idea as an apparent normality in occasions or items, or records of occasions or articles assigned by a mark. An idea without anyone else doesn't give meaning, however when two ideas are associated utilizing connecting words or expressions, they structure an important suggestion. Figure 2.1 Concept Map Using Tools Kuo-En Chang et.al.,[8] have built up the Effect of Concept Mapping to Enhance Text Comprehension and Summarization. Realistic techniques, for example, realistic coordinators and information maps, have demonstrated accommodating for text learning, certain significant application issues, for example, surface preparing and subjective over-burden still can't seem to be settled. The creators tried the learning impacts of an idea mapping methodology. They planned three idea mapping approachesââ¬map amendment, framework blurring, and map generationââ¬to decide their consequences for studentsââ¬â¢ text perception and rundown capacities. The test results indicated that the guide adjustment strategy upgraded text perception and synopsis capacities and that the platform blurring technique encouraged rundown capacity. Nian-Shing et. al.,[9]. Chan have built up the Mining e-Learning area idea map. Late explores have exhibited the significance of idea guide and its adaptable applications particularly in e-Learning. For instance, while structuring versatile learning materials, planners need to allude to the idea guide of a subject area. Additionally, idea maps can show the entire picture and center information about a subject area. Examination from writing likewise proposes that graphical portrayal of space information can lessen the issues of data over-burden and learning confusion for students. In any case, development of idea maps ordinarily depended upon area specialists before; it is a tedious and significant expense task. Idea maps creation for rising new spaces, for example, e-Learning is much all the more testing because of its continuous improvement nature. The point of this paper is to develop e-Learning area idea maps from scholarly articles. The writers have received some applicable diary articles and gathering papers in e-Learning area as information sources, and applied content mining methods to naturally develop idea maps for e-Learning space. The developed idea maps can give a valuable reference to analysts, who are new to the e-Leaning field, to consider related issues, for educators to structure versatile learning materials, and for students to comprehend the entire image of e-Learning space information. A framework is created to understand the entire procedure of programmed idea map development for e-Learning space. These procedures are required just a single time for building idea map database. Clariana .B et, al.,[9] have built up A Computer-Based Approach For Translating Text into Concept Map-Like Representations . Expositions, idea maps give a visual and comprehensive approach to portray definitive information connections, regularly giving an away from of understudy understanding and most strikingly, featuring understudy misguided judgments. This article presents a PC based methodology that utilizes idea map like Pathfinder arrange portrayals to make visual studentsââ¬â¢ composed content rundowns of natural substance. A product utility called ALA-Reader was utilized to decipher studentsââ¬â¢ composed content outlines of the heart and circulatory framework into crude nearness information, and afterward Pathfinder PCKNOT programming was u Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-36637006137167297482020-08-22T12:31:00.001-07:002020-08-22T12:31:34.816-07:00Unilever Free EssaysThe practically speaking structure was having a lot of dependent on essential deals and relations with exchange and inclusion was not broad to convey the ideal outcomes. Another appropriation structure was required. Ha propelled a task which was named ââ¬ËFERREIRAââ¬â¢ (taken from the brand of vehicle which represents for exceptional execution with quickest speed, premium picture). We will compose a custom exposition test on Unilever or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now Hashââ¬â¢s Background Muscular Hal joined Milliner In 1983 In Its Research Department. Graduated class of Boston college, Hal was blessed to move into new assignments after each three to four years. Hashââ¬â¢s genuine achievement came as Marketing Manager and she was presented on the Base camp in cleansers coordination for East Asia Pacific and Africa/Middle East district. Her introduction of in excess of 30 nations improved her vital reasoning. Hashââ¬â¢s quality was her faithful center, decided demeanor and elevated level of vitality. On these qualities Ha was made executive PULP In 2001 to add imperativeness to the undiscovered capability of Pakistan. Discretionary cashflow In Pakistan economy was Increasing as political conditions Improved and economy demonstrated energy. Situation at Milliner Pakistan PULP was experiencing post merger collaboration after the securing of Polka and Orphan Best Foods (REF). Ha and her group with their vision began by breaking down the business and developing markets. They discovered that new Innovation levels were required. Beforehand organizations had the option to accomplish worldwide administration by acquisitions and focus on center brands and classifications. Additionally further cost cutting was unrealistic from worldwide buying and development can't be energized exclusively from incorporated gracefully chain or data innovation. This case was composed by Zinnia Khan under the management of Mr.. Keelhaul Named, Faculty CB as the reason for class conversation rather to delineate either successful or insufficient treatment of a regulatory issue. For privately reasons dates, calculates a few realities have been speculated however without contorting the learning on forms. The buyer business in the developing markets required the neighborhood contact. The achievement equation required advancement in esteem creation and administration levels. Mash with the assistance of Malaysia, Bangladesh and Brazil. They presumed that organizations which needed help levels couldn't make the progress they had focused on. Likewise just advancements in the administration levels to the retailers and clients expanded returns for the organizations. Consequently, the conveyance model must be updated and its structure was concentrated in four areas in particular: 1 Geographic Distribution 2 Distributor Operations 3 Sales Hierarchy, and 4 Sales Monitoring System and Reporting. Organization Background PULP once in the past Lever Brothers Pakistan Limited was set up in Pakistan in 1958. The town of Ihram Khan was the site picked for setting up a vegetable oil manufacturing plant. Milliner Pakistan is the biggest FMC organization in Pakistan just as one of the biggest multinationals working in the nation presently working with six production lines situated at various areas around the nation. Its administrative center was moved to Karachi from Ihram Khan in mid assââ¬â¢s. Business Areas Restructuring and uniting exercises at Milliner incorporates the choice to sell or pull back numerous brands and focus on those with the greatest potential. Rebuilding made the accompanying center business zones: 1 Home and Personal Care 2 Foods 3 Beverages 4 Ice Creams 5 Best Foods Meeting each day needs of sustenance, cleanliness and individual consideration Milliner has the accompanying conveyance of offer in its item portfolio: Home Care Personal consideration Ice cream Beverages Spreads Savory Dressing 26 16 8 11 100% 2 Mission Driving shopper Product Company in Pakistan, a worldwide with deeps establishes in the nation. Pull in and grow exceptionally gifted individuals to enable twofold digit development Serve the ordinary requirements for nourishments, cleanliness and magnificence of all shoppers Produce advancement in brands and channel Managing responsive flexibly chain expand an incentive from providers to clients Exemplary through pledge to business morals, wellbeing, wellbeing, condition and inclusion in the network Conventional System of Sales Distribution Conventional arrangement of dispersion of deals in the organization was centered basically grants urban market. The developing provincial and rural markets were being disregarded as far as required thoughtfulness regarding get improved outcomes. Essential deals and quantitative accomplishments were the key targets and responsibility in the business group. Geographic dispersion Pakistan was partitioned into three districts to be specific, Karachi, Lahore city and Islamabad. Karachi district secured Karachi, Hydrated, barely any urban communities of Shins rustic, Lower Punjab e. G. , Umlaut and Coastal belt and parts of Balloonists region. Karachi contributed 25% in the general deals and 20% of the inclusion was finished by Karachi. Karachi locale had 82 wholesalers to oversee. Most merchants were sole wholesalers of Milliner and credit was given to these merchants. Lahore city secured Lahore and close by towns. Lahore had the greatest potential as far as deals. The populace was concentrated and thick. Lahore had 34 wholesalers to oversee. Islamabad locale had an immense territory to cover yet had less potential when contrasted with Lahore. It secured Islamabad, NFW and northern urban areas of Punjab. It had 57 Sales Hierarchy Sales progression comprised of Director CCD, National Sales Manager (NSA), three Local Sales Managers, 20 Area Managers and 45 Field Managers. Field Managers used to answer to their Area Managers. Field Managers took care of corporate business which means dealing with all classes. In the urban areas, Field Managers had just a single merchant under its influence. Be that as it may, in the rustic towns one Field Manager used to take care of 13, 15 or even 22 wholesalers at one point in time. Field Managerââ¬â¢s obligation was to confirm distributorââ¬â¢s redistribution claims. Authoritative and business documentation was overwhelming in his Job portrayal. Indeed, even on occasion Field 3 The most effective method to refer to Unilever, Papers Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-84852666695143900272020-08-21T10:13:00.001-07:002020-08-21T10:13:18.018-07:00Tips For Writing An Essay In CollegeTips For Writing An Essay In CollegeThe last few years have seen a marked increase in the number of people deciding to pursue a degree in writing an essay in college. It used to be that college-level writing was taught in small, independent study programs designed to meet the specific needs of certain students. But these days, most universities now offer degree programs that allow students to work on writing assignments that require professional standards.There are some things that you will want to remember before embarking on your first writing assignment. First, you will want to choose an assignment that you feel comfortable with. While this seems obvious, many students shy away from projects where they have to put themselves out there and make an effort. Instead, many students simply decide that they don't want to write, and the assignment is given to someone else who does.Also, keep in mind that there is no 'right' way to write an essay. This means that no matter what your experi ence level, or how familiar you are with the material, you can still be successful if you approach your essay the way you would if you were a beginner. Just because you've never written before, doesn't mean that you won't be able to write an effective essay. In fact, as long as you're open to learning new things and are eager to learn new skills, your ability to succeed in writing will actually improve as you become more experienced.Another important thing to remember is that you should not be afraid to have fun while you're working on your essay. Many students are intimidated by the prospect of sitting down at their desk and actually writing, but it really isn't all that difficult. In fact, the more experienced you become at writing, the more comfortable you will become with the process. Just remember that as long as you are having fun while you're writing, you will be much more likely to continue doing so.Finally, don'tworry about the essay being graded on paper. This is something that you should prepare for and work toward, but don't let your fear of the assignment stop you from writing it at all. In fact, if you were to sit down with your instructor and discuss your research, you would probably discover that your instructors would agree that you are very impressive in your essay, and that there are numerous students with similar levels of writing ability who are not taking advanced writing courses.And just make sure that when you go to school, you find out what the specific writing requirements are in your major. This can be done on your first day of class, but if you miss it, you can always catch up on it later on. It is often a good idea to check the course syllabus, since most people do not realize that there are specific rules that govern this form of written work.Finally, once you have completed your writing assignment, don't allow yourself to get discouraged. Keep in mind that you will not get a high grade if you just toss your work into a pile and s hove it into a drawer. Instead, take a deep breath and try again. Don't be disheartened if you still cannot write your essay in a timely manner, and instead keep trying until you get it right.Remember that there is no right or wrong way to write an essay in college, and you shouldn't let anyone tell you that one particular format is better than another. Instead, you should be encouraged to find out what works best for you and try it until you come up with something that you enjoy. Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-21706625974870579692020-05-25T23:30:00.001-07:002020-05-25T23:30:05.556-07:00A Contrast In Ink A Comparison of Different Tattoo... The decision to get a tattoo is personal and different for everyone. Tattoos are generally permanent additions to the body. Rushing into a design typically ends in regret. Taking a considerable amount of time to find the perfect design and the positioning on onesââ¬â¢ body may not be a bad idea. Unfortunately, there are far more tattoos that are spur-of-the-moment rather than thoroughly considered, meaningful, or commemorative tattoos. In Beth Janesââ¬â¢s article, ââ¬Å"Why I Rue My Tattoo,â⬠and Stephanie Dolgoffââ¬â¢s piece, ââ¬Å"Tattoo Me Again and Again,â⬠the authors describe the different processes that they went through when deciding to get their tattoos. Both authors discuss their reasons for getting their tattoos, the designs they chose to get, andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In other words, Dolgoff chose to get her tattoos to remember something important to her. Janeââ¬â¢s reason was rather shallow, immature, and a typical teen trend, while Dolgof f had a deep experience that she wanted to remember and her tattoo represents that part of her life. My experience with my tattoos makes it easy for me to relate to both Janes and Dolgoff and their tattoos. Much like Janes, when I was a teen I chose to get a tattoo on a whim, my boyfriendââ¬â¢s initials. I thought that I had considered the decision to get this tattoo over thoroughly. I even got a small tattoo in an easily hidden place on my body, and still no bells and whistles went off telling me to maybe reconsider. I went through with it and, when the relationship ended, the tattoo stayed as a constant reminder. It worked out in the end. Getting a smaller tat was a good idea because it was easily covered by another tattoo which held a lot more meaning for me. Like most people, Janes and Dolgoff chose the designs for their tattoos to suit their individual styles and tastes. Janesââ¬â¢s first tattoo was a good luck ladybug below her belly button, which, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦someone pointed out, that thanks to the ladybugââ¬â¢s tilt and placement, it looks as if a bug were crawling out of my underwearâ⬠(Janes 73). Janes put some thought into the design and did research in order to get exactly what she wanted and still ended up with a small imperfection with theShow MoreRelatedBrand Building Blocks96400 Words à |à 386 Pagesdifficult to score well in such conditions. Substantial pressures and barriers, both internal and external, can inhibit the brand builder. To be able to develop effective brand strategies, it is useful to understand these pressures and barriers Different factors that make it difficult to build brands are shown in the figure above. The first, pressure to compete on price, directly affects the motivation to build brands. The second reason, the proliferation of competitors, reduces the positioning optionsRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words à |à 702 Pagesstudents can hone their analytical skills and also their persuasive skillsââ¬ânot selling products but selling their ideasââ¬âand defend them against critical scrutiny. This is great practice for the arena of business to come. NEW TO THIS EDITION In contrast to the early editions, which examined only notable mistakes, and based on your favorable comments about recent editions, I have again included some well-known successes. While mistakes provide valuable learning insights, we can also learn fromRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words à |à 518 PagesDuring the 1990s, the manuscript was partly typed without alteration into a Word processor, originally an Apple-based system. This was transferred to an IBM system quite recently, but without any conversion of the character codes. It seems that two different systems of coding diacritics were used and more than two IPA phonetic fonts. Furthermore, for some reason, the typing of the grammar sketch which precedes the manuscript is incomplete. In order to make the manuscript available, I have therefore joined Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-6874280794898779022020-05-15T05:51:00.001-07:002020-05-15T05:51:03.280-07:00The Treaty Of The Constitution - 907 Words In 1787, the weak form of government brought together by the Articles of Confederation was not doing its justice for the colonists. In the Articles of Confederation, there was only one branch of government, that one branch had no power over the states. This soon proved to be ineffective as a national government for the people. The National Congress had to ask states for financial support and was unable to enforce treaties made with other nations. To remedy this problem the Founding Fathers got together at the Philadelphia Convention to discuss a new plan for the government. The Founding Fathers decided not to revise the Articles of Confederation, but to create a completely new constitution. With so many great minds working on the same thing, it soon became apparent that there were opposing views on certain important issues. The issue causing the most controversy was whether or not a Bill of Rights should be included in the constitution. This issue was so hotly contested that th e ratification of the constitution was delayed for a year. The two opposing views were encapsulated by two different parties, the Federalists and Anti-Federalists. Anti-Federalists craved a weak central government with more power left to individual states. Their biggest argument was for the addition of a Bill of Rights to the constitution that would secure the peopleââ¬â¢s rights. Federalists wanted a stronger central government. The Articles of Confederation was a failure because the states heldShow MoreRelatedThe Treaty Of The Constitution Essay1441 Words à |à 6 Pagesdelegates from 13 states met in Philadelphia to write what was later to become the U.S. Constitution. This draft specifically stated what the government would do but it did not state what it couldnââ¬â¢t do. This became a major hurdle for the ratification of the constitution. For more than four years, there was much debate over the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. The Federalists argued that the Con stitution did not need to include a Bill of individual rights and the Anti-Federalists refused toRead MoreThe Treaty Of Waitangi And New Zealand Essay1555 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction The Treaty of Waitangi is one of the most important documents in relation to New Zealandââ¬â¢s political and social history. It set out an important agreement between the British Crown and the native inhabitants of New Zealand, the Maori (Waitangi Tribunal, n.d.). This agreement established Crown rights over the land of New Zealand and, for the Maori, the guarantee of the protection of their interests as well as giving them the same rights as the British settlers (Ministry for Culture andRead MoreThe Constitution For New Zealand Essay1591 Words à |à 7 Pagesincluded or excluded in a written constitution for New Zealand?â⬠Moore (2016) emphasises the statement ââ¬Å"time for a 40-page New Zealand constitutionâ⬠declared by constitutional law expert and former prime minister, Sir Geoffrey Palmer, in his article on Stuff.co.nz. Palmer stresses that the present constitution is ââ¬Å"dangerously incomplete, obscure, fragmentary and far too flexibleâ⬠(Hagen, 2016). While there is a huge debate whether New Zealand should have a written constitution or not, it is evident to someRead MoreFeatures Of The Written Constitution Essay1556 Words à |à 7 PagesThis essay will analyze in detail features of the written constitution and explain whether it should be included or not. Firstly, I would give a specific definition of a constitution. Then I state clear summary of three features of current New Zealand constitution comprised of democracy principle, its timely adaptability, and its various sources. After that, there are three features of written constitution which are democracy principles, an entrenched law and an enforceable mechanism would be illustratedRead MoreNew Zealand And The Constitution Essay1145 Words à |à 5 PagesIn New Zealand we have a constitution therefore ââ¬Ëperson Aââ¬â¢ is incorrect as their argument is that we do not have one. They are incorrect because New Zealand has a constitution in the sense of ââ¬Ëa body of ru les determining or providing procedures for determining the organisation, personnel, powers and duties of the organs of government.ââ¬â¢ The constitution is unwritten as there is no document generally known as ââ¬ËThe Constitutionââ¬â¢ but it is found in legal documents, decisions of the courts, and in practicesRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution1130 Words à |à 5 Pagesthe official document became known as the Constitution and has gone unchanged for over 228 years. Although the Constitution was drafted to replace the Articles of Confederation, both documents had proven to have similarities as well as differences in regards to enlightenment ideals, federalism, and diplomacy. Centuries later in the 1940 s, American involvement in World War II, would also display the same diplomatic effects as the Articles and the Constitution. Enlightenment ideals were not only aRead MoreSystem Of Checks And Balances1114 Words à |à 5 PagesWhen drafting the Constitution of the United States the founding fathers took great precautions in ensuring that no one branch of government became too powerful. By dividing the power of each branch the fathers hoped to ensure that the United States would not become subject to abuse by one branch that could ultimately lead to an authoritarian regime. In order to do this, the drafters of the Constitution implemented a system of checks and balances in nearly all aspects of the new republics governmentRead MoreNew Zealand s Constitutional Rules And Arrangements Essay1517 Words à |à 7 Pagesand arrangements. A constitution describes and establishes the major institutions of the government and endeavors to regulate the power that they hold. The main constitutional institutions in New Zealand that are subject to the constitution are the executive, the legislature, the judiciary and t he Sovereign. The main features of New Zealandââ¬â¢s constitution is that it is a monarchy, it is a parliamentary system of government, and it is a democracy. New Zealandââ¬â¢s constitution is identified as an ââ¬Ëunwrittenââ¬â¢Read MoreThe European Union ( Eu )1413 Words à |à 6 Pageslegislative process. These are the Council, the European Parliament and the European Commission. Over the years the EU has been expanded, consequently various treaties have been signed to work together. The latest treaty is the Lisbon Treaty, which was an amending treaty to all of the Articles in the TEU and to 216 provisions in the EC Treaty. It was signed on the 13 December 2007 but only came into force in December 2009. It makes the noteworthy change for the effective working of the EU. A federalRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1054 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Constitution of the United States divide powers between both Congress and President in a way to prevent tyranny. The legislative and executive branches have major roles in Americaââ¬â¢s form of government. Each have significant roles but would overlay within each other especially when it comes to foreign policy. In the process of foreign policy, both sides tend to collide whether it may be Congress against the executive branch or vice versa. It becomes something contradictory in which Political Scientist Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-63233709035361833052020-05-06T16:13:00.001-07:002020-05-06T16:13:30.461-07:00Learning Disabilities And The Early Stages Of A Disability Abstract Learning disabilities are something a lot of people have to do it. It is a problem that affects many people around the world, and causes a lot of frustration. This people will cover the general definition of what other s ability is, and explain a little bit what it is. It will also go over some myths that are prevalent when it comes to her and Billy s learning disabilities. It will cover the criteria that needs to be met to receive the proper diagnosis and treatment for a child or young adult with a learn disability. Warning sign and treatment will also be covered and given a more in-depth look into each of those topics. Learning Disabilities Learning disabilities are the most common disability. These disabilities are not like others, they affect different people in different ways and have plenty of myths behind them. There is a criterion that has to be met to receive the proper treatment and warning signs that can identify the early stages of a disability. Definition of Learning Disabilities There have been many different definitions for what a learning disability is. These definitions fan from books, to websites, to research papers, basically every and anything has its own definition for what other disability is. LD Online states that ââ¬Å"a learning disability is a neurological disorderâ⬠(What is a Learning, 2015). However, a Learning disability is much more than that. To put it in a much easier way to understand, ââ¬Å"a learning disability results from aShow MoreRelatedLearning Disabilities in Children1603 Words à |à 7 PagesLearning Disabilities 1 Children and Learning Disabilities Child/Adolescent Development PSY3520 South University Online Scott Walker Learning Disabilities 2 Children that are dealing with learning disabilities have a difficult road ahead of them. If the disability is neglected or overlooked for too long, the probability of the child falling behind in school as well as social aspects in their life is very high. HoweverRead MoreWhat Is Dyslexia and What Can You Do If You Have It1242 Words à |à 5 PagesDyslexia is a congenital disorder characterized by unexpected difficulty learning to decode and spell words in relation to oneââ¬â¢s verbal intelligence, motivation, and educational opportunities (Gray E. S, 2008). People have many misconceptions regarding dyslexia which includes visual impairment, low IQ, dyslexia is curable, and this learning disability affects males more often than females. Indicators of dyslexia change over time since it is a process of developmental. It is difficult to identifyRead MoreService Learning At Fraser School988 Words à |à 4 PagesI participated in service learning at Fraser school in Richfield. Sta rting in September I helped out in a toddler age classroom every Thursday. Fraser school is a preschool setting for infants and toddlers. Besides getting the children kindergarten ready and offering a somewhat typical day of daycare/school, Fraser offers occupational, physical, and speech therapy. Some of the children have disabilities and some do not, Fraser is not discriminatory and they provide care for anyone. Some of the thingsRead MoreStudents With Disabilities : Instructional Practices For Literacy Essay1188 Words à |à 5 Pages Students with Disabilities: Instructional Practices for Literacy A Review Of The Literature Alicia M. Genco Charleston Southern University ââ¬Æ' Abstract Students with disabilities are at a higher at-risk for dropping out of high school at a greater rate than typically developing peers (Pyle Wexler, 2012). Students with identified disabilities are required to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) according to law, and these students have unique needs that general education curriculumRead MoreLearning Disabilities and Dysgraphia1485 Words à |à 6 PagesRunning head: LEARNING DISABILITIES AND DYSGRAPHIA Children with Dysgrapia and Other Learning Disabilities Your Name School Name or Institution Abstract There are many types of learning disabilities that are prevalent among children in the world today. This paper will not necessarily explore in detail the prevalence of the disorders, but explore the different types, causes, and treatment for the variety of learning disabilities among children today. This paper will focus particularly on oneRead MoreThe Research Study Of Early Childhood Education873 Words à |à 4 Pagesis related to the researcherââ¬â¢s study of Early Childhood Education. The chosen topic considered the achievement gap among students with learning disabilities in the context of the Common Core State Standards. As guided by the research questions, the researcher will present key literature, which supports the findings of the thesis. Accordingly, the researcher will identify the best concepts that contribute to the understanding of the issue involving early childhood education. In closing, the researcherRead MoreLearning Disability Nursing1501 Words à |à 7 PagesA childââ¬â¢s early years of life could be said to be one of the most physiological, psychological and emotional susceptible stages of their development. It is at this stage that the effects of poverty on issues such as, health, social well-being, education, family life and housing conditions have an ever-lasting influence on the child. ââ¬Å"Problems during childhood cast long shadows into adulthoodâ⬠(Acheson 1999 p.34). The author will throughout the assignment touch on these issues, but in his estimationRead MoreCognitvie Development1150 Words à |à 5 PagesTheory on Learning â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. How Cognitive learning can differ through culturesâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. Cognitive Teaching Identifying children who may have a learning disabilityâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ What parents and teacher can do to promote cognitive learningâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ References Introduction In this paper you will read about what is cognitive learning and how does a child learn to think and develop through their early years. What are Jean Piagetââ¬â¢s stages of cognitive learning? How cognitiveRead MoreFamily Participation And Child Needs Special Education1509 Words à |à 7 Pagesengagement from their families. In order to be assured of receiving the same level of instruction as the general population. Children with special needs currently require a higher degree of parental involvement and advocacy than their peers without disabilities. Their families play considerable supporting roles, including as their exponents and who can provide relevant insight into their specific needs to instructors. Despite the fact that educators have the best intentions in concern to the educationRead MoreDemographic Structure Includes Name, Age, Sex And Ethnicity1071 Words à |à 5 Pagesstructure includes name,age,sex and ethnicity. Learning Difficulties refers to a condition where people require additional support with learning. The majority of children with a learning difficulty do not have an identified diagnosis but some will have, which includes those with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and those with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Many of those who have difficulties learning do not have associated learning disabilities as defined above. Approximately 10% of the Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-18549115868832397562020-05-05T18:53:00.001-07:002020-05-05T18:53:09.788-07:00A And P With Araby Essay Example For Students A And P With Araby Essay John Updikes A ; P and James Joyces Araby share many of the same literarytraits. The primary focus of the two stories revolves around a young man who iscompelled to decipher the different between cruel reality and the fantasies ofromance that play in his head. That the man does, indeed, discover thedifference is what sets him off into emotional collapse. One of the mainsimilarities between the two stories is the fact that the main character, who isalso the protagonist, has built up incredible,yet unrealistic, expectations ofwomen, having focused upon one in particular towards which he places all hisunrequited affection. The expectation these men hold when finally face toface with their object of worship (Wells, 1993, p. 127) is what sends thefinal and crushing blow of reality: The rejection they suffer is far too greatfor them to bear. Updike is famous for taking other authors works and twistingthem so that they reflect a more contemporary flavor. While the story remainsthe same, the climate is singular only to Updike. This is the reason why thereare similarities as well as deviations from Joyces original piece. Plot, themeand detail are three of the most resembling aspects of the two stories over allother literary components; characteristic of both writers works, each renditionoffers its own unique perspective upon the young mans romantic infatuation. Notonly are descriptive phrases shared by both stories, but parallels occur witheach ending, as well (Doloff 113). What is even more telling of Updikesimitation of Joyces Araby is the fact that the A P title is hauntinglyclose in pronunciation to the original storys title. The theme of A ; P andAraby are so close to each other that the subtle differences might be somewhatimperceptible to the untrained eye. Both stories delve into the unstable psycheof a young man who is faced with one of lifes most difficult lessons: thatthings are not always as they appear to be. Telling the tale as a way of lookingback on his life, the protagonist allows the reader to follow his lifes lessonsas they are learned, imparting upon the audience all the emotional pain andsuffering endured for each one. The primary focal point is the young mans lovefor a completely unattainable girl who unknowingly riles the man into such asexual and emotional frenzy that he begins to confuse sexual impulses forthose of honor and chivalry (Wells, 1993, p. 127). It is this verysituation of self-deception upon which both stories concentrate that brings theyoung man to his emotional knees as he is forced to compensate for theemptiness and longing in the young boys life (Norris 309). As much asUpdikes rendition is different from Joyces original work, the two pieces areas closely related as any literary writings can be. Specifically addressingdetails, it can be argued that Updike missed no opportunity to fashion A Pas much after Araby as possible. For example, one aspect of womanhood thatfascinates and intrigues both young men is t he whiteness of the girls skin. This explicit detail is not to be taken lightly in either piece, for theimplication is integral to the other important story elements, particularly asthey deal with female obsession. Focusing upon the milky softness and thewhite curve of her neck(Joyce 32) demonstrates the overwhelming interestJoyces protagonist place in the more subtle features; as well, Updikescharacter is equally as enthralled by the sensuality of his ladys longwhite prima-donna legs (A P 188). One considerable differencebetween Updikes A P and Joyces Araby is the gap between the young mensages, with Updikes embarking upon his twenties while Joyces is of asignificantly more tender age. This divergence presents itself as one of themost instrumentally unique aspects separating the two stories, as it establishesa considerable variance between the age groups. The reader is more readily ableto accept the fact that the younger man has not yet gained the ability toascertain the complex differences between loves reality ; on the other hand, itis not as easy to apply this same understanding to Updikes older character, whoshould by all rights be significantly more familiar with the ways of the worldby that age. The lesson that romance and morality are antithetical,whether learned from haunting celibates or breathed in with the chastisingDublin air, has not been lost on the narrator (Coulthard 97). What doesnot escape either story, however, is the manner in which the young men aretransformed into distracted, agitated, disoriented (Wells, 1993, p. .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 , .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 .postImageUrl , .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 , .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140:hover , .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140:visited , .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140:active { border:0!important; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140:active , .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140 .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9d6ed1d74143b02d16ab224d03a4b140:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: French Views of Slavery Essay127) versions of their former selves once they have become focused upon theirrespective objects of affection. Both have lost sight of what is importantwithin their lives, with the serious work of life (Joyce 32), to seewhat havoc their passion is wreaking. It is not important that everyone aroundthem notices the way they have withdrawn from reality; rather, they have bothcome under a spell of infatuation that pays no mind to anything but theirfixations (Wells, 1993). Despite their best efforts, neither young manultimately wins the heart or the attention of his respective loveinterest, which Updikes character asserts to be the sad part of thes tory (192). Their gallant rescue attempts aside, the two men are facedwith the grim and shattering reality that the girls have no desire for theircompany. This particular attention to plot is critical within the two stories,because it demonstrates how despair can be both disheartening and uplifting atthe same time. Updikes character has found himself holding a dollar bill thathe obtained from his lady love, to which he inwardly acknowledges it justhaving come from between the two smoothest scoops of vanilla I had everknown (193-94). The gifts each young man offered his love interest are notwell received; in fact, it is at this very moment in each story that the readerfeels the depths of each characters despair. While different in origination,the intent was the same, since both young men come from such diversebackgrounds; where Joyces Irish boy offers a material gesture, UpdikesAmerican character offers himself as a shield against any further antagonizinghis lady has endured. This cl early demonstrates the variance in bothmaterialistic values and the concepts of what is important to each young man. Toone, offering something tangible is far more worthwhile than anything else hecould present; to the other, however, extending his manliness far better suitshis attempts to win the girls heart. The storys closing moral turns onitself by concluding with a parabolic maneuver, by having the narrativeconsciousness turn itself into an allegorical figure (Norris 309). Nomatter their efforts, both young men fail miserably in their attempts to wootheir respective ladies. The similarities between the two stories with regard tothe manner in which each is conveyed to the reader speak of lifes lessons andthe sometimes painful road one is required to take in order to gain suchexperience. With images of chivalry and romance notwithstanding, both Updikes A P and Joyces Araby set forth to impart the many trials and tribulationsassociated with love. Expressions of emotions and thought s also showparallels, including the ending self-revelation and climax (Doloff 255). BibliographyCoulthard, A.R. Joyces Araby., The Explicator, vol. 52, (1994): Winter, pp.97(3). Doloff, Steven. Aspects of Miltons Paradise Lost inJames Joyces Araby., James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 33, (1995) : Fall, pp. 113(3). Doloff, Steven. Rousseau and the confessions of Araby.,James Joyce Quarterly, vol.33, (1996) : Winter, pp. 255(4). Joyce, James. Dubliners. (New York : Penguin, 1967). Norris, Margot. Blind streets andseeing houses: Arabys dim glass revisited., Studies in Short Fiction,vol. 32, (1995) : Summer, pp. 309(10). Updike, John. A P.Pigeon Feathers and Other Stories. (New York : Knopf, 1962). Wells, Walter. John Updikes A P: a return visit to Araby., Studies inShort Fiction, vol. 30, (1993) : Spring, pp. 127(7). Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-65211001973976531472020-04-12T15:07:00.001-07:002020-04-12T15:07:03.745-07:00Harriet Tubman Was A Runaway Slave From Maryland Who Became Moses Of H Harriet tubman was a runaway slave from maryland who became moses of her people. Her real name was Araminta Ross. She was of 11 children.She was a nursemaid for her master's baby.One day a man went to the store without permission and was going to get whipped. He asked ross to help and she refused.He threw an iron at the boy but he missed him and hit ross. It almost cracked her skull.She married in 1844 to a man named John Tubman.She decided to run away her husband refused to go.And she saved 300 people in slavery. The reward for all the people she took was $40.000 & she kept saving and they all lived. THE END!!! Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-64528408356873971992020-03-10T22:58:00.001-07:002020-03-10T22:58:03.544-07:00Strategic Analysis (SWOT, PESTEL, Porter) of Premier Inn (Whitbread Plc) The WritePass JournalStrategic Analysis (SWOT, PESTEL, Porter) of Premier Inn (Whitbread Plc) Introduction Strategic Analysis (SWOT, PESTEL, Porter) of Premier Inn (Whitbread Plc) Introduction1. Premier Inn1.1 Mission and Vision1.2 Premier Inn Standards1.3 Future Plans1.4 Management Board1.5 Customers Insight1.6 Corporate Responsibility2. PESTLE Analysis2.1 Political2.2 Social2.3 Technological2.4 Environmental2.5 Legal3. Porterââ¬â¢s Five Force Analysis3.1 Threat of New Entrants (Potential Entrants)3.2 Threat of Substitute (Substitutes)3.3 Bargaining Power of Customers (Buyers)3.4 Bargaining Power of Suppliers (Suppliers)3.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry (Competitors)4. SWOT Analysis4.1 Strengths4.2 Weaknesses4.3 à Opportunities4.4 Threats5. Critical Success Factors6. Conclusion and Alternate Strategy for Premier Inn7. Recommendation and Suggestion7.1 Objectives and Expected Results of Market DevelopmentReferencesRelated Introduction 1. Premier Inn The Whitbread PLC story began in 1742 when Samuel Whitbread opened his first brewery. In 1750, Whitbread PLC moved to premises in Chiswell Street, London and was the first purpose-built mass-production brewery in Britain. Whitbread PLC became a well-known brand name in the brewery industry until 2001 when Whitbread PLC sold its breweries and left the pubs and bars business. Whitbread PLC had diversified in a variety of different industries including wines, spirits and nightclubs but decided to refocus its business on its leading growth areas, hotels and restaurants (Whitbread Co, 2011). Premier Inn is one of the major brands of Whitbread PLC (Other Brands Include: Costa Coffee, Taybarns, Brewers Fayre, Table Table and Beefeater Grill). Premier Inn is the UKââ¬â¢s largest hotel brand with occupancy rates of over 80% in more than 590 budget hotels with over 43,000. Premier Innsââ¬â¢ location is paramount to its success as most are found along major roads and in regional towns and cities. Premier Innsââ¬â¢ brand promise is to give you ââ¬Ëa good sleep, night after night after night ââ¬â consistently do the extra-ordinaryââ¬â¢ (Premier Inn Website, 2011). Premier Inn is an award winning hotel chain and has geographical spread to facilitate 75% of the UK population in a radius of five miles. Premier Innââ¬â¢s bedrooms all have an attached bathroom, TV with Free view, and Wi-Fi internet access. All hotels comprises of a bar and restaurant, either inside the building, or next to it, offering and serving a wide range of dishes. All these facilities and services are offered at a very cheap price starting from just à £29 per night (terms and conditions apply). They are also expanding their hotel chains internationally. In this regard Premier Inn have opened one hotel in Dubai and two in India. This is just the start of expanding geograp[hical spread around the world. 1.1 Mission and Vision ââ¬Å"We want to make our hospitality brands the best they can be by focussing on our customers and giving them just what they wantâ⬠1.2 Premier Inn Standards Offer 100% money back guarantee of quality room to customers Comfortable surrounding Friendly servic They call it ââ¬Å"Good Night Guaranteeâ⬠1.3 Future Plans Big expansion plan of adding another 55,000 rooms by 2014 to cement the current position as the UKââ¬â¢s biggest hotel chain Aiming and planning to be the biggest budget hotel chain in London by 2012 Planning to open more hotels in overseas 1.4 Management Board Premier Inn brand is management by an independent Management Board which consists of highly professional executives teams. 1.5 Customers Insight In 2009-10 Premier Inn initiated a program to understand the customer more effectively and vigilantly. They have evolved their strategy on customer feedback. The deep insight in customerââ¬â¢s feedback provides them to initiate their programs more efficiently which leads them to winning and retaining customers. They hold regular Focus Group meeting to explore thought and feelings of customers. Their customer feedback program mainly includes: Premier Inn Guest Satisfaction Survey: The biggest in Europe Premier Offers with rooms from à £29: à Inspired by our customers Brand standards: Maintain consistency across our Hotels and Restaurants Using YouGov Brand Index to compare performance with other leading brands (Premier Inn, 2011) 1.6 Corporate Responsibility Premier Inn is committed to Corporate Responsibility Programs ââ¬Å"Good Togetherâ⬠. They are continuously building their values. They have long history of community development programs. The corporate responsibility is an integral part of their businesses. The corporate responsibility of Premier Inn is focused on six priority areas (i.e. Environment, People, Sourcing, Health, Community and Customers). They keep devising a more committed strategy across these areas. 2. PESTLE Analysis There are certain factors in macro-environment that could affect decision making and strategies of organizations. Sudden Changes in Tax, Imposition of Laws, Increasing or Reducing Trade Barriers, Cultural Demographic Changes and Changes in Political Environment Government Policy are some of the key examples of macro environment.à These changes could bring certain positives as well as negatives for every business. PESTEL (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal) Analysis is a tool which is widely used by business managers for analysis of these critical factors. It is very helpful for development of strategic decision making. The Premier Innââ¬â¢s PESTLE Analysis below critically evaluates and identifies different strategic in a competitive and dynamic environment. 2.1 Political Positive and pragmatic collaboration with UK Government has brought Hospitality Industry into key success area of economic development in UK. Hospitality is the UKââ¬â¢s fifth largest industry, directly employing more than 2.4 m people and contributing over à £34bn in gross tax revenues. As the generator of eight per cent of total employment, the industry is ahead of the financial services, transport and communications, and constructions sectors. Prime Minister David Cameron has recognised that tourism is one of five ââ¬Ëbig-ticketââ¬â¢ industries of the future and one that the government ââ¬Ëshould get behindââ¬â¢ especially as for every 0.5% increase in the UKââ¬â¢s share of the global tourism can add à £2.7b to the economy and create 50,000 jobs. He set down two objectives for UK tourism: to recapture a position within the top five tourism destinations in the world measured in terms of inbound revenue (we have slipped to seventh place in recent years); and secondly, to increase to 50 per cent (from 36 per cent currently) the proportion of UK residentsââ¬â¢ domestic tourism spend. The Prime Minister also stated that government support for businesses would be focussed on ââ¬Ëhigh growth industriesââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëworking strategically to strengthen themââ¬â¢ (06 January, 2011). Establishment of regional growth fund for hospitality industry is also a major sign of expected growth in the sector. Hospitality could generate 236,000 net additional jobs across the UK by 2015 bringing the total number employed by the British Hospitality Industry to 2.76 million (British Hospitality Association 2011). The budget hotel sector has been one of the greatest success stories in the UK hospitality industry over the last 10-15 years, and continues to be so; ââ¬Å"The budget hotel sector is still the fastest growing hotel sector in the UKâ⬠(Deloitte Touche, 2000, p. 3). It is estimated that UK budget hotel sector is going to be more than double in size in next 20 years and will account for more than a quarter of the overall hotel market by 2027 (Kerstin Kà ¼hn, 12 December 2007). The UK budget hotel market has also broken the à £1b barrier for the first time in 2006, new research has revealed.à Analyst firm Mintel found the market grew 38% between 2002 and 2006, three times as much as the overall UK hotel market (worth à £11.2b) which increased by only 12% over the same period. The current growth in supply and market volume has increased considerably as leading operators are engaged in a frantic scramble for market dominance. World over tourism and hospitality sector is generating more and more profits. The current economic recession could be a major cause of concern for hospitality sector. The economic recession has hurt the people from all walks of life and forcing them to be more careful in spending. People have to make choices before spending each penny. However due to governmentââ¬â¢s substantial reduction in interest rates helped to minimise further rises in unemployment during 2009 (Euromonitor, 2010). As a result of these measures it is considered that spending power of consumers going to increase steadily. This is a very encouraging factor for Premier Inn for expansion of their budget hotel chains. With this growing demand of the sector they are making tremendous expansion of their businesses. Currently Premier Inn is the UKââ¬â¢s largest and fastest-growing budget hotel chain, with over 590 budget hotels and more than 43,000 rooms across the UK and Ireland. They have big expansion plans and aim to add another 55,000 rooms by 2014. They are also expanding their outreach across the globe by establishing their hotels in Dubai and India. They have established three hotels in Dubai and one in India at Whitefields, Bangalore, with another due to open in Delhi in 2011. 2.2 Social The social circles and changing life styles living standards has brought many social and cultural changes around the world. As the living costs are increasing, people prefer low cost products/services accompanied with highest standard of value for money. These social changes are bringing different thought patterns. These social changes also influencing the hospitality sector around the world. Following are certain key thinking patterns which are influencing consumerââ¬â¢s behaviour in decision makings. Preferences to strong branded products High value for money Easy accessibility Responsiveness to customer demands Extensive geographic coverage of the hotel network Online and centralized reservation systems Variables room rates Security Quality standards Discount and promotion offer for repeat business Customer feedback Premier Inn is focused on customer satisfactions and keeping revitalizing there business strategy with changing social values and customer preferences. They offer to their customers a 100% money-back guarantee of a good quality room, comfortable surroundings and friendly service (Whitbread Co). They are committed to understand their customers better than anyone else. 2.3 Technological Technology is one of the variables that could directly influence the business operations. The operations of hospitability does not involves high level of technology and the focus of technology is budget hotel sector is directly linked with availability of electrical appliances and availability of IT services for comfort of customers. The use of latest development in IT helps in maintain smooth functioning for hotel chains across the region. It also helps them to develop centralized supply chain management systems. Technology is largely influencing the marketing and promotion of the products. The way of communication is changing to web based techniques. Premier Inn is also maintaining a good look and interactive website in this regard. The online reservation facilitation services are available. They also maintain a database of customers and keep sending messages regarding new product offering and promotional campaign. Use of mobile is also providing a big platform for advertisement and awareness campaign. 2.4 Environmental The care of environment and social responsibility are considered as the centre stage of customerââ¬â¢s preferences and expectations. Now-a-day customer are more vigilant and normally favours the organization who cares about environment and give due diligence to adopt business operations which helpââ¬â¢s in reducing pollution and proper waste disposals. The strong emphasis on Corporate Social Responsibility (CRS) is one of the major core competencies of Premier Inn. They have developed a strong CRS Strategy for ââ¬Å"Good Togetherâ⬠and Whitbread way forward. In 2008 they have reviewed their corporate responsibility strategy and created ââ¬Å"Good Togetherâ⬠programme. There objective of this strategy to reduce relative operational carbon emission 26% by 2020, get 80% of waste from hotels restaurants diverted from landfill by February 2012 and reduce hotel and restaurant water consumption by 20% by 2020. Premier Innââ¬â¢s approach to the environment is guided by their environment policy and energy policy, which contain a number of principles which they are required to comply. They CSR mainly includes following six priority areas: Environment People Sourcing Health Community Customers 2.5 Legal The minimum wage rate has been increased 15.5% by UK Government (Low Pay Commission Report National Minimum Wage, 2009) that would costs an increase in operating cost of budget hotels. This would increase cost of production which hampers the policy to offer competitive prices to customers. To avoid legal issues and maintain high standard they have developed a Responsible Sourcing Policy, which defines the minimum standards and principles of cooperation that Premier Inn expect from suppliers, contractors and business partners.à It also sets out commitment to work with suppliers, as necessary, to support the implementation of the Policy. 3. Porterââ¬â¢s Five Force Analysis The study of forces which influences the decision making of organizations are always remain an integral part of strategic management. In this regard Porterââ¬â¢s Five Force Model is considered as the most potent and useful tool and is widely used by organizations. This model deals with external factors that influence the nature of completion and internal factors how firms compete effectively to be more profitable. Porterââ¬â¢s Five Force Model of Premier Inn is as follows: Figure 1: Porterââ¬â¢s Five Force Model 3.1 Threat of New Entrants (Potential Entrants) As the sector is growing rapidly and also Government is encouraging and facilitating the sector on priority basis so the threat of potential new entrants is very high Huge capital investment is required for setting up a geographically spread budget hotel chain Very difficult to be more competitive in hotel chain and hospitality business High entry barriers due to maintain and supplying quality food to customers of hotels Substitute products entry is high Maintain customer satisfaction and comfort creates low room for substitute As budget hotel sector falls in service sector, so customers bargaining power is very high If customer comfort is highly prioritized with service quality remain standardised and have strong differentiations, than there is very low switching cost for customers otherwise buyers keep changing brands Customers are attracted by low price with high quality standards Eatable are compulsory part of hotels supplies and they are directly linked to customer health so they do not compromise on quality of products thus gives an opportunity to capitalize on quality to minimize bargaining power of customers. Bargaining power of supplier are not so high Strong linkages and support is required to maintain a good bargaining power with suppliers Highly competitive industry Price margin are low due to high competition Switching cost of customers is low due to competition Maintain quality and service is a major threat and cause of concern due to high competition 3.2 Threat of Substitute (Substitutes) 3.3 Bargaining Power of Customers (Buyers) 3.4 Bargaining Power of Suppliers (Suppliers) 3.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry (Competitors) 4. SWOT Analysis The Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis of Premier Inn is as follows: 4.1 Strengths Strong business base as Whitbread Business Group is doing business from last to centuries (i.e. from 1742) Largest and fastest growing brand in UK, with 590 budget hotels and more than 43,000 rooms Award winning hotel chain More than 75% of the UK population lives within five miles of a Premier Inn Brand recognition High level of customer satisfaction and understanding Huge network of supply and distribution Dedicated and highly motivated team of professionals Highly advanced customer reservation systems Automated and technically advanced supply chain mechanism Focused Customer Care and Corporate Social Responsibility High values of money Strong networking with all stakeholders International expansion of business Limited international expansion of business More focused on UK market Low marketing and promotional campaign Limited value addition in product and services Expansion of business in emerging international markets e.g. Middle East and South Asia Exploring Franchising Opportunities for expansion of business at local as well as international horizons Introducing customized business products for professionals Entering into food catering and event management Continued economic recession and global crises High level of competition Maintaining quality of services and comfort of customers Maintain good relationship with suppliers Increasing operating costs 4.2 Weaknesses 4.3 à Opportunities 4.4 Threats 5. Critical Success Factors Premier Inn should also focus on Critical Success Factors (CSFs) Model especially designed and developed for budget hotel operationââ¬â¢s in UK on the basis of customer research and surveyââ¬â¢s. One of the model is as follows: Figure 2: Critical Success Factors Budget Hotel Operational Model BY: Bob Brotherton 6. Conclusion and Alternate Strategy for Premier Inn Premier Inn is the UKââ¬â¢s biggest hotel brand with occupancy rates of over 80%. Its locations are paramount to its success as most are found along major roads and in regional towns and cities. Premier Innsââ¬â¢ brand promise is to give you ââ¬Ëa good sleep, night after night after night ââ¬â consistently do the extra-ordinaryââ¬â¢ (Whitbread Co, 2011). The company has progressed through a well defined market growth strategy with centre of focus towards customersââ¬â¢ understanding. On the basis of above PESTLE, Porters Model and SWOT Analysis, Premierr Inn may consider to adopting following Market Growth Strategy for further expanding their businesses and becoming the brand leader in hospitality industry. The alternatives with respect to Anfos Growth Matrix for Premier Inn are suggested below: Table 1: Alternate Strategy Rating Scales Sr. No Strategy Task/Actions Rating as per Criteria Suitability Acceptability Feasibility Total 1 Market Development Expanding business to South Asia,à Middle East and EU Local Market (especially Suburb of EU Countries) 5 5 5 15 2 Market Development Exploring Franchising Agreements 4 3 5 12 3 Market Penetration Special Price Package for Off Seasonal Products 4 4 4 12 4 Product Development Introducing Specific Products to Target Parts of the Leisure and Business Markets 4 3 3 10 5 Product Development Introducing Event Management Related Products and Services 3 4 2 9 Rating Scale: 1 for Minimum and 5 Maximum (Total Maximum Score 3X5=15) 7. Recommendation and Suggestion As budget hotel industry is growing fast around the world and UK is considered as the market. The recession era is continued and customers purchasing powers are further decreasing. Theier spending pattrens are changibg and they are always looking for cheaper products with high quality. This phenomnenon provides an ample opportunity to Premier Inn for further expansion of their chain hotels and achieve their vision of becoming the leading budget hotel retail chain. In this regard they should adopt the Market Development Strategy with a focus to expanding their hotel chains in South Asia, Middle Esta and in EU Countries. following reasons: It fits in mission and vision of Premier Inn as it is quite suitable, acceptable and feasible to initiate. It would help to get benefit from the growing hospitality industry The cost associated with this strategy would also not be high as they should have to explore franching offerings as well as investorââ¬â¢s are always interested to invest in growing sectors UK Government is also facilitating and encouraging for hopitality industry expansion In budget hotel segment South Asia market is un-tapped so there are ample opportunities for Market Development as a new entrant. Mojority of South Asian countries are under devloped countries with majority of customer having low purchasing powres so budget hotel could fit in well in their income spending Business expansion Way forward for becoming leading budget hotel chain Geographical spread for existing customers to obtain same services even when they are traveling outside UK Enhancing Premier Inn brandââ¬â¢s loyalty Will works as a word of mouth for attracting new customers 7.1 Objectives and Expected Results of Market Development References premierinn.com whitbread.co.uk/about_us.cfm?id=about_us whitbread.co.uk/whitbread/ourbrands/customerfocus/html Oxford University Press oup.com/uk/orc/bin/9780199296378/01student/additional/page_12.htm caterersearch.com/Articles/2007/12/12/317813/uk-budget-hotel-sector-to-double-in-size-in-two-decades.htm caterersearch.com/Articles/2007/11/02/317098/UK-budget-hotel-market-breaks-1631b-barrier.htm caterersearch.com/Articles/2008/01/23/317165/budget-hotels-welcome-bha-restructure-plans.htm British Hospitality Organization: bha.org.uk Critical success factors in UK budget hotel operations BY: Bob Brotherton School of Food, Consumer, Tourism and Hospitality Management, Manchester Metropolitan University, Hollings Faculty, Manchester, UK scribd.com/doc/22765821/Bob-Cristical-Success-Factors-in-Budget-Hotel Johnson, Schools and Whittington (2008), Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text and Cases, 8th Edition Prentice Hall, ISBN:1405887338 Coultry M. (2008) Strategic Management in Action, 4th Edition Prentice Hall, ISBN:0132277476 Marketing Management 12th Edition By: Philip Kotler and Kevin Lane Keller RapidBI ââ¬â Rapid Business Improvement, Business Organizational Tools, Trainings and Services http://rapidbi.com/created/the-PESTLE-analysis-tool/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porter_five_forces_analysis investopedia.com/terms/i/industrylifecycleanalysis.asp National Minimum Wage (2009), ââ¬ËLow Pay Commission Report 2009ââ¬â¢ National Minimum Wage. Available at lowpay.gov.uk/lowpay/report/pdf/7997-BERR-Low%20Pay%20Commission-WEB.pdf [accessed 07/07/2010] Office for National Statistics (2009), ââ¬ËInternet Access Households and Individualsââ¬â¢, Office for National Statistics, August 29, 2009. Available at statistics.gov.uk/pdfdir/iahi0809.pdf [accessed 07/07/2010] Porter, M. (1985), Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, (Location: The Free Press) cengage.co.uk/colekelly7/students/Video%20Cases/Chapter%2030%20-%20Video%20Case%20Study%2029.pdf Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-22509579524838369902020-02-23T13:24:00.001-08:002020-02-23T13:24:02.650-08:00RBC Centura Bank Groups and Teams Research ProposalRBC Centura Bank Groups and Teams - Research Proposal Example task within an organization because failure to deliver may suggest that the different organizational controls are not properly placed within the organizations which are allowing gaps into the performance of different individuals working as a team. Many research studies successfully demonstrated that the gaps in the performance of the teams largely depend upon the structure and configuration of the team. (Stewart & Barrick, 2000). Structure and configuration of the teams therefore indicate towards the different dynamics involved in the organization as well as formation of the teams and then converting such teams into high performing teams. As such organizations must take into account different factors such as team leadership, cohesion, structure as well as configuration of the team to expect high performance from the proposed teams. This paper will discuss as to how a group can become a high performance team besides discussing the ethical considerations of globalization and its impacts on the team dynamics by evaluating RBC Centura Bank as a case study. Team dynamics require the effective formation of teams in order to extract best performance however, before expecting such high performance, it is imperative that all the ingredients of converting a group of individuals into a high performance team shall be put into place. Team structure is defined as the configuration or allocation of the roles, responsibilities as well as authority within the team. (Stewart & Barrick, 2000). Team structure is important for extracting high performance because by providing interdependence and autonomy to the teams, teams tend to perform better because both factors provide an in-built channel for effective communication and grievance handling besides being self regulated in their orientation. Thus, in order to successful convert a group into a successful and high performance team; it is critical that the overall structure of the team is wisely built so that coherence and Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-45630494988545369242020-02-07T06:12:00.001-08:002020-02-07T06:12:02.670-08:00Marketing Research Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsMarketing Research Report - Essay Example ustomer is influenced by large portions of meals, being served by competent employees, the quality of food served, atmosphere in the hotel, the prices of the foods and drinks and the level of satisfaction. According to Wooldridge, J. (2006), customers are in need of varying needs for their money. To him, a customer is motivated to visit a business venture for services and goods by the prices in offer. Prices determine the buying willingness of a customer. For any organization to be able make tangible sales, one of the factors to consider while designing a product or a service is the price. Many people are willing to pay at medium price other lower or higher prices. Although according to him further, higher priced products and services are thought to be of high quality although not always. To Richmond, H (2008), the level of customer satisfaction determines whether he/she will be willing to come again. A customer is always pulled to seek for services in a restaurant or any business venture if satisfied by the services/products offered. If not satisfied, coming again is a problem. To him, each and every business venture always struggles to satisfy their customers since it is from them that, profits accrue. To retain customers and to get new ones depends on the ways they are treated. This ranges from the services they are offered, their quality price among many other considerations. However, according to Mailu, S (2004), the level of employee competence says a lot in terms of the work ethics. Generally, a competent employee is likely to be aware of all the ethics involved in the job. To him, customer highly value goods and services offered by competent employees as they confidence in them. To him further, employees are the ladder through which an organization can prosper. Quality of the service offered on the other hand has a lot to say. Gary, R (2007) argues that, the quality of a produce is the key to successful entrepreneurship. An entrepreneur should always Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-91100389808653672732020-01-29T05:26:00.001-08:002020-01-29T05:26:03.328-08:00Domestic Politics Essay Example for Free Domestic Politics Essay Trade which means the exchange of goods and services for money is very important for the growth of any countryââ¬â¢s economy. This business industry has continually changed over time. This can be clearly seen because a long time ago there was barter trade which is the exchange of goods with other goods or services. Initially there was no medium of exchange but later money was introduced. Traditionally, trade was also conducted within boundaries of countries that is local trade. However the arena has completely changed nowadays. This has been caused by the fact that the transportation of goods and services is easy. People, goods and services can be transported through air, rail, water or even road. This in turn means that space otherwise known as distance between the producer of goods and services and the consumer is not an issue. There is therefore a free flow of services, people and goods from one country to another. This means that there is international trade. However, international trade is affected by the domestic policies of the country as well and the politics of all other countries involved. This paper will study the effects of the politics of globalization in China. Yanrui argues that the economy of China has changed since the economic reforms which took place in 1978 (1). According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, her economy comes third. United States is ranked first followed by Japan. Chinaââ¬â¢s economy has been growing very rapidly. It has been having a constant Gross Domestic Product growth rate of more than 10per cent. Her per capita income has also been increasing with time. Her economy is continually improving because she concentrates in ensuring that there is equitable sharing of resources as well as aiming at lowering the poverty levels. Additionally, (Dadush 1) notes that China is doing considerably well in the international market as she is the leading exporter and the second largest importer of services and goods. On the same note (Yanrui 2), states that there are two major factors responsible for the economic advancements in China. The first factor is growth of investments which between 1979 and 2004 grew at a rate of 12 per cent. The high growth of investments was caused by many foreign organizations investing directly and also the high rate of savings. This means that the foreign organizations invested in China as citizen and thus this is corporate citizenship. The organizations in turn save some money in the country. He observe that there was a very high increase in the ratio of domestic savings and Gross Domestic Product. The figure had increased up to 74. 8 per cent in 2004 compared to 10. 1 per cent in 1979. (Yanrui 2) continues to emphasize the fact that chinaââ¬â¢s economy has improved due to her increased exports. The exports rates were 18 per cent between 1979 and 2004. Yanrui continues to state that another factor to be considered in measuring the growth rate of China is the domestic consumption. The number of people acquiring cars increased at a rate of 24. 1 per cent per year between 2001 and 2004. This shows that they have money and thus the economy is doing well. It clearly indicates that due to the improvement in the countryââ¬â¢s economy a lot of people had the purchasing power due to low prices of commodities and the taxes levied on the goods and services had reduced and hence most people could buy them. The economy of a country is highly affected by her politics Keohane (2). He continues to argue that the domestic politics of a country in turn affects the world economy. It is therefore necessary to consider how domestic politics, globalization influence each other in China. In China in 1949, the government used to control the prices of commodities, control some important policies such as the banking and financial policies. This hindered economic development and as a result her economy was not growing at a fast pace. After 1978 the Chinese government controlled only a few industries such as the one dealing with air travel. The Chinese government ensures that the activities in each sector of the economy are controlled by institutions or organizations such as Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Agriculture among others. The operations of some other organizations are supervised by the State Council. The State council has offices in other locations nearer to the institutions it supervises. The state council implements the policies regarding the economy. This is done by controlling financial operations of the organizations, ensuring that some resources such as transport, labor and raw materials among others are equitably shared and they also control the tax issues. Taxes can lead to a poor economy because they make the prices to shoot upwards if they are high. This in turn lowers the demand for the goods. Zhiyue (1) states that it is of paramount importance for China to attain democracy. However it is a hard task to decide which democracy model should be implemented in China. He (145) notes that there are four democratization models that china could use. They are: social capital theory, modernization theory, negotiation-pact and the modernization theory. Each of these will be elaborated. The social mobilization theory states that democracy is not achieved by mere economic advancement (He 147). The modernization theory on the other hand (145) advocates for the fact that if a country is economically developed it is most likely to achieve high levels of democracy. The third theory which is negotiation-pact stipulates that the learned and the political leader are very important in order for a country to achieve democracy (He 153). He also notes that it is viewed as the most secure model for transition. He (154) continues to elaborate that for a country like China to attain democracy various factors which include the culture, her economic development, the politicians and the social classes have to be considered. In addition to considering these factors any other important issue should be put into consideration. A balance should be stricken between the various factors in order to achieve democracy without violence which could lead to unnecessary loss of property and lives. Therefore in attempt to answer the question it is worth noting that Chinaââ¬â¢s economy is doing well. This means that there is increased trade, income and saving are high, the prices and inflation rates are low. This basically means that the economic arena is good. However, China has not yet attained democracy. Yanrui (2006) observes that globalization is the ability of the Chinese economy to interact profitably with the international business community. He additionally states that a countryââ¬â¢s level of globalization can be gauged by looking at how the international business affects its economy. China has made use of the international trade and thus her exports rose to 593. 4 United States billion dollars in 2004 up from 9. 8 billion United States dollars. It is at this point that I would like to note that the domestic politics of a country affects her globalization. The political system of a country determines whether there will be free flow of goods, capital, services and people in and out of the country. As has already been stated above for a country to be considered internationalized it has to engage in international trade. Thanks to the Chinese government which discovered this earlier and implemented the 1978 reforms. This encouraged international trade which has made her economy to improve dramatically. However, this should not cause the countries to lose their political identity in the name of being internationalized. China has an edge over any other country that has not reached her level. (He 139) notes that the China is almost developing to the level of the developed world. He also observes that though China has developed in terms of trade she still lacks in the democracy (140). This is therefore a clear indicator that China has a democratic deficit which is caused by its communist system. It is therefore important for China to look for a suitable democratic model which she should implement in order to avert the democratic deficit. He adds that ninety per cent of the people in China feel that they should have democracy (145). China has become a very important destination for any organization in the world. The Economists intelligence Unit (10) notes that there is no serious multinational that can afford to ignore China in its business operations. It continues to elaborate that the emergence of a stable market which is easily accessible makes China a preferred market for many multinationals. To ensure that the multinationals adhere to the expected standards China has introduced laws and regulations to cater for the organizations. Global Corporate citizenship is whereby a multinational company registers in a particular country such as China in order for it to conduct business in the host country. This is done in China and it is important because those companies who conduct business in China are conversant with her laws and hence security is maintained despite there being foreigners in China. The foreigners feel part and parcel of the country. It is important that each and every country discover that though the economy could be doing very well they should also ensure that they attain democracy. They should consider the democratization theories and and come with a model that will favor them. Domestic politics should ensure that country develops economy wise. The factors of production as well as the resources should be distributed equitably for the benefit of all citizens and any other party willing to conduct business in the country. Works Cited. Dadush, Uri. Global outlook: Not your average Crisis. Massachusetts, International Economic Bulletin, 2010. Economist Intelligence Unit. Coming of Age: Multinational Companies in China. Hongkong, Russell Reynolds Associates Economist Intelligence Unit,2004. He, Kai, and Huiyun, Feng. ââ¬Å"A path to democracy: In search of Chinaââ¬â¢s Democratization Model Vol 32, No. 3, 2008. Keohane,Robert, and Helen Milner. Internationalization and domestic politics. United Kingdom,the press syndicate of the University of Cambridge,1996. MIT department of political science. Politics of globalization. Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2009. Yanrui, Wu. Economic growth transition and globalization in China: advances in Chinese Economic studies. U. K: Edward and elgar Publishing Ltd. , 2006. .Zhiyue,Bo. Chinaââ¬â¢s model of democracy. Chicago, Political Science Association, 2009. Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-80824053287353174202020-01-21T01:50:00.001-08:002020-01-21T01:50:02.984-08:00Nooligan and Street Boy Essay -- English LiteratureNooligan and Street Boy The poems "Nooligan" by Roger McGough and "Street Boy" by Gareth Owen are two poems which both deal with the issue of teenage hooliganism, and both poets use language to create a vivid sense of character. Although both deal with the same theme, there are many similarities and differences between the two. "Nooligan" is about a boy who thinks he is really powerful and harsh but is actually an uneducated boy trying to be a real hooligan. "Street Boy" is also about a hooligan except that he actually is more powerful and has a higher status than the inferior "Nooligan". One of the main similarities is that both the poets present the characters as using slang language or some sort of incorrect form of English. In "Nooligan" for example the boy says in the fourth line of the third verse: Football's me game (Well, watchin') McGough has used "me" instead of my. This portrays the "Nooligan" as unintelligent and uneducated because of the use of words and grammar, because the poem gives us an impression that "Nooligan" isn't the type of person who would work hard (he doesn't "give a toss"), I'm not surprised at the hooligan's English. The use of slang by the hooligan in "Street Boy" is the word "hark" instead of listen or hear and "stompin'" instead of walking. The effects that these two words put on us are that we start to think that the boy actually does have some power and attitude, and we believe that he actually is the bully that he's talking about. But at the same time, the use of these slang words makes the characters appear to be foolish and idiotic. Another similarity that the poet employs in the two poems is that in both of them, the first line of each verse is the sa... ...he is. The words "stompin'", "silence", "spaced", "stoned" all show that. In conclusion, the two poems are very interesting and engaging in terms of the use of words, tone, structure etc. The poets Roger McGough ("Nooligan") and Gareth Owen ("Street Boy") use specific techniques to give the poems a certain effect. There are differences and similarities between the two obviously. The main similarity is the poets' use of slang and an incorrect form of English and the main difference is the language and vocabulary between the two poems. Something worth mentioning is that the poets have made the poems relate to all teenagers in general since the name of the "Nooligan" and the "Street Boy" aren't given. So overall, there are a lot of similarities and differences between the two, but both are to the point and give you a general idea of what the poem is about. Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-14421425766240064192020-01-12T22:11:00.001-08:002020-01-12T22:11:03.973-08:00Generally Accepted Accounting Principles EssayIn recent years healthcare systems have become more like business entities than health care providers. Technology is continually evolving so is healthcare and its financial approach. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), is a guide used by healthcare providers to account for their financial activities. GAAP is a guideline or a group of objectives and concepts that have evolved over 500 years from the basic concepts of Luca Pacioli set forth in the 1400s (Omar, 2010). It comprises a set of principles that have been developed by the accounting profession. According to Saunders (1993), ââ¬Å"Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) established the rules and guidelines which require CPAs to indicate whether an audited set of financial statements is in compliance with GAAPâ⬠(p. 104). They are five principles and each one will be discussed in relation to healthcare. These are paramount to the effectiveness of business accounting. Accounting principles include the follo wing: accounting entity, money measurement, duality, cost evaluation, and stable monetary unit. Accounting Entity An accounting entity is the business or corporation that performs clear economic activities, separate from any personal economic endeavors (Cleverly, Cleverly, & Song 2011). In health care accounting entities can be surgical centers, hospitals, clinics, home health agencies, nursing homes, or other entities that are part of a larger health care network. An accounting entity requires financial records that define organizations financial activities that are clear and concise. Cleverly, Cleverly & Song (2011) states that if an entity is not properly defined, evaluation of its financial information may be useless at best and misleading at worst. The entity is expected to maintain its accounting records in accordance to GAAP. Money Measurement Measurement is the process of determining the monetary amounts at which the elements of the financial statements are to be recognized and carried in the balance sheet and income statement as a contribution to the accounting theory of extensive measurement (Scrimnger, & Musvoto,2011). Resources and liabilities have to be considered and calculated to determine accurate money measurement in an organization. These resources are referred to as assets, which include money, buildings and equipment. In health care these assets include, buildings, cash-flow, and equipment. Liabilities will be salaries to the employees and loans owed from banks and any other companies they are in business with. In most normal situations assets exceed liabilities in money measured value (Cleverly, Cleverly & Song 2011). An entity shall not recognize an element of financial statement unless a reliable value can be assigned to it. Duality. This is a fundamental convention of accounting that necessitates the recog nition of all aspects of an accounting transaction. According to Cleverly, Cleverly & Song (2011), ââ¬Å"The value of assets must always equal the combined value of liabilities and residual interest, which we have called net assetsâ⬠. He goes on to explain the basic accounting equation, the duality principle, may be stated as follows: Assets=Liabilities +Net assets. In any given situation the value of assets will always equal the value of claims. Cost valuation. When looking at an organization one needs to know about the assets and their value. When assets are recognized the basis for valuation needs to be determined. The two bases are historical and fair value (Saunders, 1993). The amount paid for the asset is the basis for valuation which is referred to historic and fair value is the amount an asset could be exchanged between knowledgeable willing parties. The firmââ¬â¢s accounting statements reflect the companyââ¬â¢s financial status and this is presented in the balance sheet. GAAPs in the United States require the valu ation of fixed assets at historical cost, adjusted for any estimated gain and loss in value from improvements and the aging, respectively, of these assets. As mentioned previously hospitals now operate as business entities, and their accounting operation is the same as any other entity. Stable monetary unit. In any organization, the monetary unit principle assumes that the value of the unit currency in which you record transactions remains stable over time. This concept allows accountants to disregard the effect of in inflation, aà decrease in terms of real goods of what the dollar can purchase. Monetary unit assumption makes accounting process manageable however it can be problematic. If in any case the value of money changes rapidly due to market conditions or policy changes, a businessââ¬â¢s financial statements may be less useful for comparison with prior records (Omar, 2010). Accounting focuses on the financial aspects of the business and that too for matters which can be expressed in terms of currencies. Nurse Managers must be able to communicate with financial managers of the organization as they help steer the overall direction of the organization (Saunders, 1993). The health care operation relies on revenues from patients billing and in turn help sustain the business on them and any other income. Health care systems are able to run business successfully by using GAAP guidelines. We have seen in this discussion that the five principles of accounting are essential in daily business operation. The understanding of accounting entity, money measurement, duality, cost valuation and stable monetary unit will help any health organization to manage their finances well. References Cleverly, W. O., Cleverly, J. O., & Song, P. H. (2011) Essentials of health care finance (7th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. Omar, O. (2010). Why Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Should Inform U.C.C. Article 9 Decisions. Texas Journal Of Law Review, 89(1), 207-226. Saunders, G. (1993) Accounting principles (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Scrimnger, C. C., & Musvoto, S.W. (2011). The Accounting Concept of Measurement And The Thin Line Between Representational Measurement Theory And The Classical Theory of Measurement. Journal of International Business and Economics Research, 10(5), 59-68. Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-54682552831575227132020-01-04T18:35:00.001-08:002020-01-04T18:35:04.780-08:00The Dollar Sign ($) and Underscore (_) in JavaScript Theà dollar sign ($)à and theà underscoreà (_) characters are JavaScript identifiers, which just means that they identify an object in the same way a name would.à Theà objects they identify include things such as variables, functions, properties, events, and objects. For this reason, these characters are not treatedà the same way as other special symbols. Instead, JavaScript treatsà $à andà _à as if they wereà letters of the alphabet. A JavaScript identifierà ââ¬â again, just a name for any objectà ââ¬â must start with a lower or upper case letter, underscore (_), or dollar sign ($); subsequent characters can also include digits (0-9).à Anywhere that an alphabetic character is allowed in JavaScript, 54 possible letters are available: any lowercase letter (a through z), any uppercase letter (A through Z), $ and _. The Dollar ($) Identifier The dollar sign is commonly used as a shortcut to the function document.getElementById(). Because this function is fairly verbose and used frequently in JavaScript, the $ has long been used as its alias, andà many of the libraries available for use with JavaScript create aà $()à function that references an element from the DOM if you pass it the id of that element. There is nothing about $ that requires it to be used this way, however. But it has been the convention, although there is nothing in the language to enforce it. The dollar sign $ was chosen for the function name by the first of these libraries because it is a short one-character word, and $à was least likely to be used by itself as a function name and therefore the least likely to clash with other code in the page. Now multiple libraries are providing their own version of the $() function, so many now provide the option to turn off that definition in order to avoid clashes.à Of course,à you dont need to use a library to be able to use $(). All you need to substitute $() for document.getElementById() is to add a definition of the $() function to your code as follows: function $(x) {return document.getElementById(x);} The Underscore _ Identifierà A convention has also developed regarding the use of _, which is frequently used to preface the name of an objects property or method that is private. This is a quick and easy way to immediately identify a private class member, and it is so widely used, that almost every programmer will recognize it. This is particularly useful in JavaScript since defining fields as private or public is done without the use of theà private and public keywords (at least this is true in the versions of JavaScript used in web browsers ââ¬â JavaScript 2.0 does allow these keywords). Note that again, as with $, the use of _ is merely a convention and is not enforced by JavaScript itself. As far as JavaScript is concerned, $ and _ are just ordinary letters of the alphabet. Of course, this special treatment of $ and _à applies only within JavaScript itself. When you test for alphabetic characters in the data, they are treated as special characters no different from any of the other special characters. Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-88719324600269208752019-12-27T15:01:00.001-08:002019-12-27T15:01:03.176-08:00An Analysis Of Robert Browning s Poetry - 2033 Words Robert Browningââ¬â¢s poetry contains many different themes, but they all have one thing in common, social class. Social class defines the way women are treated in his poems. The women who have a lower social status are treated with respect and love, they are treated as an equal to the man. Women with a higher social status tend to be treated worse than those with lower statuses; they are treated as if they are an object to possess and control. Social status determines the outcome of the women in the poems and the way they are treated. In Robert Browning s poetry, the role of women is dependent on her social status, as shown in Love Among the Ruins, Meeting at Night, Porphyria s Lover, and My Last Duchess. ââ¬Å"Love Among the Ruinsâ⬠demonstrates the role women play when they are of a lower social class, they are treated better by the men they love, as well as respected more. In ââ¬Å"Love Among the Ruins,â⬠the womanââ¬â¢s lover travels through the ruins of an old ancient city to reach the woman. The womanââ¬â¢s appearance is never described only compared to the beauty of the ruins. The man in the story views her as someone who is so beautiful and devoted to him, that he would give everything that is material up, just for her. Her love and devotion is the best thing that has ever happened to him (Delaney 2336). The woman in the story is not from a high social status, while her social class is never stated, it is implied that she is part of the lower social class. The woman is treatedShow MoreRelated Analysis of Two In The Campagna by Robert Browning Essay1423 Words à |à 6 PagesAnalysis of Two In The Campagna by Robert Browning Two In The Campagna is essentially a love poem, written by Browning to capture the tragic and dark aspects of a relationship. The poem commences with romantic images of the couple sitting in the fields of Rome in spring. The first line, starting with I wonder sets the contemplative tone of the piece, and the poet follows one particular trail of thought for several stanzas. Clearly, the poet is trying to capture what cannot be easilyRead MoreMy Last Duchess By Robert Browning951 Words à |à 4 PagesMy Last Duchess by Robert Browning Robert Browning was born May 7, 1812 in Camberwell, London. His father was a senior clerk in the Bank of England. His mother was a pianist. His love for writing dramatic monologues came from his father who gave him the love Browning had for art and literature. 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Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-85865885528112450012019-12-19T10:50:00.001-08:002019-12-19T10:50:03.388-08:00Management and Organizational Structure - 1043 Words Organizational Structures Ahmed Bassyouni University of Phoenix Sep 28, 2010 William Noble Some organizational theories could explain the Enronââ¬â¢s failure. Looking at the organizational structure and management of Enron, The structures were flat before the bureaucratic structure developed, then the bureaucratic structures developed in order to increase control. There were vertical structures where there was high level of control and according to theories the organizational circle is moving back to flat structure. In Enron Corporation, internally it had such a highly decentralized financial control and decision making structure that made it impossible to get a clear view on the corporations operations and activities. Along with aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This was a fertile environment for corruption. There should be shared reliability for success of a business, however, in Enron because of conflict of interest there was no shared reliability. Even the external auditor, Arthur Andersen had a conflict of interest. Currently, most organization believes in the human relations movement. This is a form of management that gives importance to individuals and their unique capabilities in the organization. Each person is unique and her input should be considered as valuable. However, in Enron, the suggestions and objections of hundreds of accountants and finance personnel were turned down abruptly, the employees that objected were abused and their voices suppressed. Those that were persistent with their objections to shady financial accounting practices were even threatened with dire consequences. Since there was no matching between the inputs of the employees and that of the company, the situation was ready for failure. From another perspective management in business and organization is to get people together to achieve the desired goals and objectives. In case of Enron, the goals and objectives would have referred to the legitimate business objectives of the firm. However, in case of Enron the objectives and goals of the company were to hide large debts, billions of dollars losses, and instead show large profits. Each function of management namely, planning, organizing,Show MoreRelatedOrganizational Structure And Management Process Essay1630 Words à |à 7 Pagesaspects of any organization is its structure and its management process. The success of any firm is directly related to how well it is organized and how effective it s managed. 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Organizational structure Organizational structure is the framework in which a group is organized to function and reach the goals set by the organization. More specifically, ââ¬Å"structure describes how members are accepted, leadership is chosen, and how decisions are madeâ⬠(University of Kansas, 2016). In addition, an organizational structure Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-80710895631532946812019-12-11T07:32:00.001-08:002019-12-11T07:32:04.230-08:00Leading Organizational Changes Samples for Students -Myassignment Questions: 1.Develop at least Six Realistic Assumptions that you can add to the Issues and Problems Expressed. 2.In reference to the Classic article by Larry Greiner (Reading 10), Explain what is happening between growth and Change in BTS.3.How does the Problem Statement for BTS resemble what Gersick Indicates about a Systems Deep Structure?4.In reference to the article by Dailey and Browning Explain how and why Narratives and Storytelling was useful to the Company.5.Refer to Chapter 6 of Hayes (2014) under the heading Collaborative Modes of Intervening. Discuss which Modes might Change Agents in BTS use and Why?6.Given the Typology of Organisational, which typology may best Describe the approach that BTS Might Adopt and Why? Answers: 1.Development of realistic assumptions The developments of the realistic assumptions are as follows: Management- From the given case study, it could be assumed that, BTS lacks efficient management. Since the company is a 60 years old company, hence, it is largely owned mainly by the family, and thus, have a centralized decision making structure (Armenakis and Harris 2009). This management is rigid and is not flexible to accept much change in the organization. Change process- While few changes have been experienced by the organization the changes have been evolutionary, which came through incremental process. However, the company has not undergone drastic change (Burnes 2004). Managerial information system- BTS lacks an efficient and robust database. The lack of robustness results in lack of improvement with the pace of the rest of the world. 2.Relation between changes in BTS and growth Technology- The case study highlights the fact that, the workers are comfortable enough in working with the same old technology, without much need for up gradation. Thus, there is almost no modernization of technology in BTS. The article by Greiner highlights the position of the growing organization and is of the opinion that a growing company moves through five phases of development. The evolution and revolution of the company is dependent on the size of the company. BTS is not a very large company. It is a medium sized company, having a history of 60 years and a very rigid board. The growth of the company has been a slow one, since the company has not changed much in the past few years. The company has been adhering to the policies laid by the founder George, and does not wish to accept revolutionary changes. The various stages of evolution of the company BTS is dependent on the size and age of the company (Greiner 1972). Most of the companies having a steady growth does not expand for two years. The stages of revolution include substantial periods of turbulence. It is to be highlighted that BTS is having steady growth since it has ever faced any crisis. One of the major crises that is faced by the orga nizations, which hinders the growth of a company is leadership style (Hayes 2014). However, BTS has never faced such crisis. This is because, George and his son has been leading the company and its employees, in a particular leadership style. However, with new generation having MBA from Australia has been recruited in the company, thus, bring in changes in the leadership styles (Please see Appendix 1). The changes in the leadership style bring in changes in the perception of the new leaders. However, the company and its employees do not welcome the new perspectives. When the company was started, it was well managed by George and there were no issues regarding the leadership styles (Malhotra and Hinings 2015). However, with the grand children taken over, significant leadership changes have been witnessed. These new leaders have different perceptions and they have been trying to give the company a new direction. Hence, BTS have been facing the issues of leadership (Please see Appendix 2). Moreover, the assumption that the database lacks robustness could be mitigated using a change in technology, that would upgrade the technology of the database. This article by Malhotra and Hinings (2015), has a different opinion. This article highlights the fact that organizational changes are initiated out of organizational crisis. According to Malhotra and Hinings (2015), change is a continuous process and it needs to be managed continuously, by the managers and leaders. The appendix 3 highlights the process of continuity and changes. The new leadership style highlights the fact that changes are inevitable and the necessary changes in the process of work and working style needs to be done, as and when required (Malhotra and Hinings 2015). According to the figure 3, appendix 3, the case of BTS is proposing very high gravity of initiatives. As mentioned in the case study, the new generation leaders Tommy and Khadija wishes to bring about revolutionary changes in the organization. however they are inclined towards using the awareness blocking model, rather than the use of the awareness building model (Murray 2012). Since BTS do not have an e fficient MIS, hence the required changes needs to be communicated to the board members. The contrast between the articles by Malhotra and Greiner is the difference in the organizational growth. The article by Greiner highlights the fact that organizational changes are caused by evolution and revolutional changes Malhotra and Hinings (2015). However, the article by Malhotra suggests that organizational changes are caused form the organizational crisis. 3.Resemblance of problem statement of BTS and systems deep structure Gersick 1991, highlights the resemblance between the problem statement of BTS and the deep structure. The deep structure is one of the fundamental structures that determine the basic acidity of the organizations. This structure is one of the most stable structures since the choices made by the organization, rules out many other options. The board of BTS falls under the deep structure, since it has been working in a stable manner, and has not faced crisis (Y?lmaz and K?l?o?lu 2013). The deep structure is closely related to the drivers of change. in drivers of changes include the worldwide reduction of the barriers of investments, along with the market liberalization and adoption (Dailey and Browning 2014). The drivers of change in case of BTS includes the turbulent environment, organizational capability, smaller flexible companies, high skill of the workforces, new service industries, deregulation, advances in the technology (Tushman and OReilly 1996). One of the major drivers of chan ge in BTS is the turbulent environment. The work environment of BTS is in demand of revolutionary changes. This is a major driver of change in BTS. Moreover, highly skilled workforces in BTS prefer change in the organization, such that they are able to exhibit their innovation, might be a major driver of change. Since the company BTS has been taken over by the new and able leaders, they could conduct PESTEL analysis to determine the external forces that affects the organization, along with the SWOT analysis, in order to find the internal factors that affects the company. The conduction of PESTEL and SWOT would assist the new leaders to identify drivers of changes, other than the other mentioned ones. Though the changes are important and inevitable, yet some dilemmas are encountered. These include the renewal of culture, the intentional planning verses the adaptive thinking, radical transformation, empowerment as well as incremental changes. The cultural dilemma is faced, since BTS have been working in a particular culture for 60 years, which needs to be changed suddenly. Moreover, the process of adaptive thinking is opposite to that of the deep structure (Stoltzfus et al. 2011). The boards of BTS is a believer of the deep structure and hence not open to adaptive thinking. Along with these cultural dilemmas, the cognitive bias is also a factor, that does not welcome new changes. The members of the board are biased and are not open to accept the ideas of Tommy and his sister (Vaara et al. 2016). There is a great resemblance in the problem statement of BTS and the deep structure. Both of these abide by the old methods and traditions of the organization. The old and conventional meth ods are strict enough and are contradictory to the outlook of the new leaders Tommy and Khadija. Moreover, as the grandchildren tries to introduce the new culture, the board members are not ready to accept the changes. Moreover, the deep structure described by Gersick is similar to the problem that exists in BTS. The similarity among the two strengthens the fact that the board members of BTS is rigid and not ready to accept the changes. 4.Usefulness of narrative and storytelling to the company The article by Dailey and Browning sheds light on the significance of narrative and storytelling. The process of narrative and storytelling is important for business organizations. The organizational changes and the practices need to be communicated to the new generations of the organization (Waddell et al. 2011). The significant milestones of the company along with the important events of the past, that had a major impact on the organization is done in storytelling and narrative. The process of narrative and storytelling is applied in BTS and the tradition of the company is moved down to the next generations. The process of narrative and storing telling has a significant role to play in the company BTS. The style of management and leadership that is taken up by the new leaders includes the various important features that were there previously. Modjo retained the basic principles followed by George such as the organizational values, rewards to the employees, sick leaves given to the employees (Waddell et al. 2011). This was as a result of narrative story telling. Thus, narrative and storytelling is effective in BTS. However, as Tommy and Khadija came in picture, the narrative and storytelling had a break. This is because they preferred a revolutionary change in BTS rather than adhering to the old ways of work. The narrative and storytelling is important since the value, mission and vision of the founder is retained. However, while the narrative and storytelling is good for evolutionary changes, the revolutionary changes could not be facilitated. The various forms of narrative and storytelling that are useful in case of BTS are as follows: Gaining control of the behavior and patterns are obtained (Harper 2015). The resistance could be overcome by using narrative. Thus, narrative and storytelling has an essential role to play in the organizational changes. Thus, narrative and storytelling is essential and the process needs to be retained in BTS (Waddell et al. 2011). 5.Modes that might change agents in BTS Collaborative modes of intervening refer to the joint methods and collaboration among the employees, in order to bring in significant change in the organization. The change agents assist the work with the clients to help them to develop opportunities. However, various factors might contribute to becoming a barrier in this process. Emotional turmoil such as anger and stress might also act as a barrier. The board members did not welcome the changes that were being initiated by Tommy and Khadija in BTS. Both of them were being welcomed with resistance to the organizational changes that they initiated. The modes that might change agents in the company BTS could be explained using the Theorizing approach. This approach involves the change agents by identification of the theories and concepts that assists the people to identify the needs for the changes (Tushman and OReilly 1996). The mode of intervening could be used to convince the board members to accept the change, by making them under stand the necessity of the changes. The concept of theorizing could be used to make the board members understand the need of the changes that were being introduced by Tommy and Khadija. In the theorizing method, the board members are presented with a theory, that assists them to understand the problem as well as plan remedial actions (Harper 2015). Since both Tommy and Khadija were highly educated, hence they had already analyzed the SWOT and PESTEL of BTS, and based on the analysis, they were proposing the changes (Tushman and OReilly 1996). Devised with the analysis of the factors that affects the organization most, the grandchildren had proposed for the necessary changes for BTS (Harper 2015). However, the board members were believers of deep structures and were not being convinced to accept the changes brought in by Tommy and Khadija. Thus, the revolutionary changes that were planned by the grandchildren were retarded, thus hampering the production and organizational progress. 6.Typology that is best suited in BTS The process of reorientation includes redefinition of the business organization. This process is initiated with the anticipation of the future. The aim of the process of reorientations is to ensure the effective future of the organization. In case of BTS, the theory of reorientation could be used, to bring in the changes in BTS. With the combination of the two dimensions of changes, organizational typology of change could be designed. The process of reorientation could be used effectively in order to bring in the organizational changes. The process of reorientation involves the changes in the organizational process, and alignment with the new changes (Tushman and OReilly 1996). Using this in BTS, might be successful in bringing in the new changes successfully. Moreover, Tommy and Khadija could be successful in convincing the members of the board, to understand the need for the proposed changes, and accept it. Hence, the reorientation typology is best suited for BTS. With the process of reorientation, the board members could be reoriented to accept the changes, by understanding the effective of the changes for the benefit of the organization (Harper 2015). The reorientation typology is best suited for the BTS Company, as the members, processes and the basic organizational culture needs to be reoriented to match the leadership of the new leaders, Tommy and Khadija. Hence, this typology is successfully recommended for BTS (Tushman and OReilly 1996). Thus, to conclude it might be stated that BTS is in need of organizational changes, which would enhance the organizational production and procedure, along with achievement of customer satisfaction. Tommy and Khadija, the grandchildren of the founder George, were initiating the changes. Thought the changes are beneficial for the company, yet the board members against the revolutionary change that was being initiated by the grandchildren. Thus, organizational changes are inevitable; to keep pace with the progress of the world, and for BTS also, change cannot be resisted. References Armenakis, A.A. Harris, S. G. (2009), Reflections: Our journey in organizational change research and practice. Journal of Change Management, Vol.9, No. 2. 127-142 Burnes, B (2004), Managing change a strategic approach to organisational dynamics, 4thedn, Prentice Hall, Harlow, England, chapter 7, pp. 2508. Chapter 10 Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Dailey, S.L. Browning, L. (2014), Retelling stories in organizations: Understanding the functions of narrative repetition. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 39. No.1. 22-43. Frankland, R., Mitchell, C.M., Ferguson, J.D., Sziklai, A.T., Verma, A.K., Popowski, J.E. and Sturgeon, D.H., Applications In Internet Time, Llc, 2013.Integrated change management unit. U.S. Patent 8,484,111. Gersick, C.J., 1991. Revolutionary change theories: A multilevel exploration of the punctuated equilibrium paradigm.Academy of management review,16(1), pp.10-36. Greiner, L.E., 1972. Evolution and revolution as organizations grow. Harper, C., 2015.Organizations: Structures, processes and outcomes. Routledge. Hayes, J. (2014). The theory and practice of change management. 4th Edition. Palgrave MacMillan. New York. Malhotra, N. and Hinings, C.B., 2015. Unpacking continuity and change as a process of organizational transformation.Long Range Planning,48(1), pp.1-22. Murray, P. (2012), Training, Development, and Learning. In Jawad Syed and Robin Kramar (Eds), Human Resource Management in a Global Context: A Critical Approach, Sage Publications: London. Stoltzfus, K. Stohl, C, Seibold, D.R. (2011), Managing organization change: Paradoxical problems, solutions, and consequences. Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 24, N0. 3. 349-367 Tushman, M.L. OReilly, C.A. (1996), Ambidextrous organizations: Managing evolutionary and revolutionary change. California Management Review, Vol. 38, No. 4. 8-30 Vaara, E., Sonenshein, S. and Boje, D., 2016. Narratives as sources of stability and change in organizations: Approaches and directions for future research.The Academy of Management Annals,10(1), pp.495-560. Waddell, D. M. Cummings, T.G. Worley, C.G. (2011), Organisational Change: Development Transformation. 4th Edition. Chapter 4. Worley, C.G. Mohrman, S.A. (2014), Is change management obsolete? Organizational Dynamics, 43, 214-224. Y?lmaz, D. and K?l?o?lu, G., 2013. Resistance to change and ways of reducing resistance in educational organizations.European journal of research on education,1(1), pp.14-21. Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-24030987222381922442019-12-03T19:13:00.001-08:002019-12-03T19:13:03.847-08:00Legislative Assignment free essay sample Nursing is a large health care field that has enlarged its scope of practice over the years. In US history, the presence and influence of APNs was very important. The role of Nurse Practitioners has steadily expanded. First, was a horizontal movement to embrace expertise in medicine. Second, the scope moved vertically to encompass graduate nursing education. Since 1996 there has been a rapid, transformative evolution of the position APNs hold. Today APN Regulation includes specific elements i. e. licensure, accreditation, certification and education (LACE). Each state independently determines the legal scope of practice, as well as the recognized roles of APNs and the regulation of entry level nursing programs. In the state, where I live, on September 21, 2002, the Illinois Society for Advanced Practice Nursing (ISAPN) was created to write the rules for administration of the Nursing and Advanced Practice Nursing Act. This Act is updated every seven years. The ISAPN board of Directors includes nineteen members who are advanced practice nurses. We will write a custom essay sample on Legislative Assignment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The President, vice president, secretary, treasurer, chairs, and representatives have 3 year terms. They can be reappointed for one more year after that. They represent the interests of APNs in Illinois and meet at least every two months. In addition to these meetings, there are regional meetings every quarter. These meetings are open to the public and provide a way to give educational information on health issues to citizens. During these meetings, updates on policy and practice issues that affect APNs in Illinois are presented. On October 5th, 2007 Advanced Practice Nursing Act was updated. Licensed practical nurses, registered nurses, and advanced practice nurses worked together on topics and rules i. e. education, licensing violations/discipline, continued competency, scope of practice, and structure of the nursing boards. They are monitored by ISAPN. APNs practice under directives of the Advanced Practice Nursing Act. They also practice under their own authority in ways appropriate to their specialty, scope of practice, education, and experience. The Act changed the professional relationship between physicians and nurses by expanding the scope of practice for APNs in hospitals and Ambulatory Surgical Treatment Centers (ASTC). APNs are authorized to practice across the nation and have prescriptive privileges in 49 states. The Advanced Practice Nursing Act in Illinois allows APNs to prescribe, select, order, administer, store, accept samples of, and dispense over-the-counter medications, legend drugs, medical gases, certain controlled substances, and other preparations, including botanical and herbal remedies (Illinois General Assembly, 2011, 2012). To prescribe and dispense legend drugs and legend controlled substances (Schedule II, III, IIIN, IV, or V Controlled), an Illinois advanced practice nurse needs to have a collaborative agreement with a physician who delegates limited prescriptive authority to the nurse. In addition to the requirements above some guidelines and limits are applied to prescribe medications. An APN may have one or more collaborating physicians. The physicianââ¬â¢s scope of practice determines what services APNs can perform and what medications can be prescribed. Four categories of APNs are recognized in Illinois: certified nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, certified nurse midwife and certified registered nurse anesthetist. I worked as a critical care registered nurse for all of my career years. Currently Iââ¬â¢m in Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (ACNP) program. This will result in career changes, because I see an increase need for ACNPs and want to be a part of that field. The standards of care for the ACNP include Nursingââ¬â¢s Scope Standards of Practice and Standards for Acute and Critical Care Nursing Practice (American Association of Critical-care nurses (AACN), 2010). Nursing standards of care is foundation for ACNP practice. Education, acute care competencies, research, and evidence-based practice will expand nursing standards of care to ACNPââ¬â¢s practice. I look forward to learn and develop new skills to provide the best care for our clients. Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-15196301722066846292019-11-27T18:17:00.001-08:002019-11-27T18:17:03.264-08:00Comparative Advantage Concept and Benefits of Outcome Essay ExampleComparative Advantage: Concept and Benefits of Outcome Essay From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search In economics, the law of comparative advantage refers to the ability of a party (an individual, a firm, or a country) to produce a particular good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another party. It is the ability to produce a product with the highest relative efficiency given all the other products that could be produced. 1][2] It can be contrasted with absolute advantage which refers to the ability of a party to produce a particular good at a lower absolute cost than another. Comparative advantage explains how trade can create value for both parties even when one can produce all goods with fewer resources than the other. The net benefits of such an outcome are called gains from trade. It is the main concept of the pure theory of international trade. Contents | |[hide] | |1 Origins of the theory | |2 Examples | |2. 1 Example 1 | |2. Example 2 | |2. 3 Example 3 | |3 Effect of trade costs | |4 Effects on the e conomy | |5 Considerations | |5. 1 Development economics | |5. Free mobility of capital in a globalized world | |6 See also | |7 Notes | |8 References | |9 External links | [pic][edit] Origins of the theory Comparative advantage was first described by Robert Torrens in 1815 in an essay on the Corn Laws. He concluded it was to Englands advantage to trade with Portugal in return for grain, even though it might be possible to produce that grain more cheaply in England than Portugal. However, the concept is usually attributed to David Ricardo who explained it in his 1817 book On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation in an example involving England and Portugal. [3] In Portugal it is possible to produce both wine and cloth with less labor than it would take to produce the same quantities in England. However the relative costs of producing those two goods are different in the two countries. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparative Advantage: Concept and Benefits of Outcome specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Comparative Advantage: Concept and Benefits of Outcome specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Comparative Advantage: Concept and Benefits of Outcome specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In England it is very hard to produce wine, and only moderately difficult to produce cloth. In Portugal both are easy to produce. Therefore while it is cheaper to produce cloth in Portugal than England, it is cheaper still for Portugal to produce excess wine, and trade that for English cloth. Conversely England benefits from this trade because its cost for producing cloth has not changed but it can now get wine at a lower price, closer to the cost of cloth. The conclusion drawn is that each country can gain by specializing in the good where it has comparative advantage, and trading that good for the other. edit] Examples The following hypothetical examples explain the reasoning behind the theory. In Example 2 all assumptions are italicized for easy reference, and some are explained at the end of the example. [edit] Example 1 Two men live alone on an isolated island. To survive they must undertake a few basic economic activities like water carrying, fishing, cooking and shelter constr uction and maintenance. The first man is young, strong, and educated. He is also faster, better, and more productive at everything. He has an absolute advantage in all activities. The second man is old, weak, and uneducated. He has an absolute disadvantage in all economic activities. In some activities the difference between the two is great; in others it is small. Despite the fact that the younger man has absolute advantage in all activities, it is not in the interest of either of them to work in isolation since they both can benefit from specialization and exchange. If the two men divide the work according to comparative advantage then the young man will specialize in tasks at which he is most productive, while the older man will concentrate on tasks where his productivity is only a little less than that of the young man. Such an arrangement will increase total production for a given amount of labor supplied by both men and it will benefit both of them. [edit] Example 2 Suppose there are two countries of equal size, Northland and Southland, that both produce and consume two goods, food and clothes. The productive capacities and efficiencies of the countries are such that if both countries devoted all their resources to food production, output would be as follows: â⬠¢ Northland: 100 tonnes â⬠¢ Southland: 400 tonnes If all the resources of the countries were allocated to the production of clothes, output would be: â⬠¢ Northland: 100 tonnes Southland: 200 tonnes Assuming each has constant opportunity costs of production between the two products and both economies have full employment at all times. All factors of production are mobile within the countries between clothes and food industries, but are immobile between the countries. The price mechanism must be working to provide perfect competit ion. Southland has an absolute advantage over Northland in the production of food and clothes. There seems to be no mutual benefit in trade between the economies, as Southland is more efficient at producing both products. The opportunity costs shows otherwise. Northlands opportunity cost of producing one tonne of food is one tonne of clothes and vice versa. Southlands opportunity cost of one tonne of food is 0. 5 tonne of clothes, and its opportunity cost of one tonne of clothes is 2 tonnes of food. Southland has a comparative advantage in food production, because of its lower opportunity cost of production with respect to Northland, while Northland has a comparative advantage in clothes production, because of its lower opportunity cost of production with respect to Southland. To show these different opportunity costs lead to mutual benefit if the countries specialize production and trade, consider the countries produce and consume only domestically. The volumes are: |Production and consumption before trade | |Country |Food |Clothes | |Northland |50 |50 | |Southland |200 |100 | |TOTAL |250 |150 | This example includes no formulation of the preferences of consumers in the two economies which would allow the determination of the international exchange rate of clothes and food. Given the production capabilities of each country, in order for trade to be worthwhile Northland requires a price of at least one tonne of food in exchange for one tonne of clothes; and Southland requires at least one tonne of clothes for two tonnes of food. The exchange price will be somewhere between the two. The remainder of the example works with an international trading price of one tonne of food for 2/3 tonne of clothes. If both specialize in the goods in which they have comparative advantage, their outputs will be: |Production after trade | |Country |Food |Clothes | |Northland |0 |100 | |Southland |300 |50 | |TOTAL |300 |150 | World production of food increased. clothes production remained the same. Using the exchange rate of one tonne of food for 2/3 tonne of clothes, Northland and Southland are able to trade to yield the following level of consumption: |Consumption after trade | |Country |Food |Clothes | Northland |75 |50 | |Southland |225 |100 | |World total |300 |150 | Northland traded 50 tonnes of clothes for 75 tonnes of food. Both benefited, and now consume at points outside their production possibility frontiers. Assumptions in Example 2: â⬠¢ Two countries, two goods the theory is no different for larger numbers of countries and goods, but the principles are clearer and the argument easier to follow in this simpler case. â⬠¢ Equal size economies again, this is a simplification to p roduce a clearer example. Full employment if one or other of the economies has less than full employment of factors of production, then this excess capacity must usually be used up before the comparative advantage reasoning can be applied. â⬠¢ Constant opportunity costs a more realistic treatment of opportunity costs the reasoning is broadly the same, but specialization of production can only be taken to the point at which the opportunity costs in the two countries become equal. This does not invalidate the principles of comparative advantage, but it does limit the magnitude of the benefit. Perfect mobility of factors of production within countries this is necessary to allow production to be switched without cost. In real economies this cost will be incurred: capital will be tied up in plant (sewing machines are not sowing machines) and labour will need to be retrained and relocated. This is why it is sometimes argued that nascent industries should be protected from fully lib eralised international trade during the period in which a high cost of entry into the market (capital equipment, training) is being paid for. Immobility of factors of production between countries why are there different rates of productivity? The modern version of comparative advantage (developed in the early twentieth century by the Swedish economists Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin) attributes these differences to differences in nations factor endowments. A nation will have comparative advantage in producing the good that uses intensively the factor it produces abundantly. For example: suppose the US has a relative abundance of capital and India has a relative abundance of labor. Suppose further that cars are capital intensive to produce, while cloth is labor intensive. Then the US will have a comparative advantage in making cars, and India will have a comparative advantage in making cloth. If there is international factor mobility this can change nations relative factor abundance. The principle of comparative advantage still applies, but who has the advantage in what can change. â⬠¢ Negligible transport cost Cost is not a cause of concern when countries decided to trade. It is ignored and not factored in. Before specialization, half of each countrys available resources are used to produce each good. â⬠¢ Perfect competition this is a standard assumption that allows perfectly efficient allocation of productive resources in an idealized free market. [edit] Example 3 The economist Paul Samuelson provided another well known example in his Economics. Suppose that in a particular city the best lawyer happens also to be the best secretary, that is he would be the most productive lawyer and he would also be the best secretary in town. However, if this lawyer focused on the task of being a lawyer and, instead of pursuing both occupations at once, employed a secretary, both the output of the lawyer and the secretary would increase, as it is more difficult to be a lawyer than a secretary. [citation needed] [edit] Effect of trade costs Trade costs, particularly transportation, reduce and may eliminate the benefits from trade, including comparative advantage. Paul Krugman gives the following example. [4] Using Ricardos classic example: |Unit labor costs | |Cloth |Wine | |Britain |100 |110 | |Portugal |90 |80 | In the absence of transportation costs, it is efficient for Britain to produce cloth, and Portugal to produce wine, as, assuming that these trade at equal price (1 unit of cloth for 1 unit of wine) Britain can then obtain wine at a cost of 100 labor units by producing cloth and trading, rather than 110 units by producing the wine itself, and Portugal can obtain cloth at a cost of 80 units by trade rather than 90 by production. However, in the presence of trade costs of 15 units of labor to import a good (alternatively a mix of export labor costs and import labor costs, such as 5 units to export and 10 units to import), it then costs Britain 115 units of labor to obtain wine by trade ââ¬â 100 units for producing the cloth, 15 units for importing the wine, which is more expensive than producing the wine locally, and likewise for Portugal. Thus, if trade costs exceed the production advantage, it is not advantageous to trade. Krugman proceeds to argue more speculatively that changes in the cost of trade (particularly transportation) relative to the cost of production may be a factor in changes in global patterns of trade: if trade costs decrease, such as on the advent of steam-powered shipping, trade should be expected to increase, as more comparative advantages in production can be realized. Conversely, if trade costs increase, or if production costs decrease faster than trade costs (such as via electrification of factories), then trade should be expected to decrease, as trade costs become a more significant barrier. edit] Effects on the economy Conditions that maximize comparative advantage do not automatically resolve trade deficits. In fact, many real world examples where comparative advantage is attainable may require a trade deficit. For example, the amount of goods produced can be maximized, yet it may involve a net transfer of wealth from one country to the other, often because economic agents hav e widely different rates of saving. As the markets change over time, the ratio of goods produced by one country versus another variously changes while maintaining the benefits of comparative advantage. This can cause national currencies to accumulate into bank deposits in foreign countries where a separate currency is used. Macroeconomic monetary policy is often adapted to address the depletion of a nations currency from domestic hands by the issuance of more money, leading to a wide range of historical successes and failures. [edit] Considerations [edit] Development economics The theory of comparative advantage, and the corollary that nations should specialize, is criticized on pragmatic grounds within the import substitution industrialization theory of development economics, on empirical grounds by the Singerââ¬âPrebisch thesis which states that terms of trade between primary producers and manufactured goods deteriorate over time, and on theoretical grounds of infant industry and Keynesian economics. In older economic terms, comparative advantage has been opposed by mercantilism and economic nationalism. These argue instead that while a country may initially be comparatively disadvantaged in a given industry (such as Japanese cars in the 1950s), countries should shelter and invest in industries until they become globally competitive. Further, they argue that comparative advantage, as stated, is a static theory ââ¬â it does not account for the possibility of advantage changing through investment or economic development, and thus does not provide guidance for long-term economic development. edit] Free mobility of capital in a globalized world Ricardo explicitly bases his argument on an assumed immobility of capital: if capital freely flowed towards those countries where it could be most profitably employed, there could be no difference in the rate of profit, and no other difference in the real or labour price of commodities, than the additional quantity of labour required to convey them to the various markets where they were to be sold. [5] He explains why, from his point of view , (anno 1817) this is a reasonable assumption: Experience, however, shows, that the fancied or real insecurity of capital, when not under the immediate control of its owner, together with the natural disinclination which every man has to quit the country of his birth and connexions, and entrust himself with all his habits fixed, to a strange government and new laws, checks the emigration of capital. [5] Some scholars, notably Herman Daly, an American ecological economist and rofessor at the School of Public Policy of the University of Maryland, have voiced concern over the applicability of Ricardos theory of comparative advantage in light of a perceived increase in the mobility of capital: International trade (governed by comparative advantage) becomes, with the introduction of free capital mobility, interregional trade (governed by Absolute advantage). [6] Adam Smith developed the principle of absolute advantage. The economist Paul Craig Roberts notes that the comparative advantage principles developed by David Ricardo do not hold where the factors of production are internationally mobile. [7][8] Limitations to the theory may exist if there is a single kind of utility. Yet the human need for food and shelter already indicates that multiple utilities are present in human desire. The moment the model expands from one good to multiple goods, the absolute may turn to a comparative advantage. The opportunity cost of a forgone tax base may outweigh perceived gains, especially where the presence of artificial currency pegs and manipulations distort trade. [9] Global labor arbitrage, where one country exploits the cheap labor of another, would be a case of absolute advantage that is not mutually beneficial. [10][11][12] Economist Ha-Joon Chang criticized the comparative advantage principle, contending that it may have helped developed countries maintain relatively advanced technology and industry compared to developing countries. In his book Kicking Away the Ladder, Chang argued that all major developed countries, including the United States and United Kingdom, used interventionist, protectionist economic policies in order to get rich and then tried to forbid other countries from doing the same. For example, according to the comparative advantage principle, developing countries with a comparative advantage in agriculture should continue to specialize in agriculture and import high-technology widgits from developed countries with a comparative advantage in high technology. In the long run, developing countries would lag behind developed countries, and polarization of wealth would set in. Chang asserts that premature free trade has been one of the fundamental obstacles to the alleviation of poverty in the developing world. Recently, Asian countries such as South Korea, Japan and China have utilized protectionist economic policies in their economic development. [13] [edit] See also Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-57728644292184711362019-11-24T01:52:00.001-08:002019-11-24T01:52:03.273-08:00Travelodge And Budget Hotels In The Uk Tourism Essay Essay ExampleTravelodge And Budget Hotels In The Uk Tourism Essay Essay Example Travelodge And Budget Hotels In The Uk Tourism Essay Essay Travelodge And Budget Hotels In The Uk Tourism Essay Essay Travelodge is the first budget hotel launched in 1985 in UK. It operates 380 hotels with 26,500 room in the UK. Travelodge is be aftering to turn 1000 more hotels by 2020. It employs above 5500 people and 87 % of the engagement are made online. The UK hotel market is estimated around 700,000 suites ( beginning: Melvyn Gold, Qualification of serviced adjustment supply in UK , December 2007 ) UK hotel market is segmented chiefly into four classs, Brander full service which has 14 % of the market portion, branded budget 12 % branded mid market 62 % and unbranded mugwumps 62 % .the current economic environment has seen addition in bead out of unbranded mugwumps and people prefer to book with branded budget due to web coverage, trade name strength strong balance sheet and distribution. Grant Hearn, Travelodge CEO, commented: 2008 was another record twelvemonth of growing for the Travelodge trade name with over 19 % gross growing . Room sold increased by 9 per centum to 6 million The growing of Travelodge has been unbelievable but company faced a few challenges and one of the major challenge company is confronting is overbooking. Overbooking is one of the of import gross direction tool in hotels operation direction to run efficaciously and heighten profitableness. Gross Management is seen as an of import technique in the hotels operation and hence to maximise their grosss, hotels are progressively implementing Revenue Management patterns ( Hwang and Wen, 2009 ) . As a effect of implementing such systems, many companies in the service sector such as hotels consistently overbook capacity in order to maximise the gross at one peculiar point in clip ( Wangenheim and Bayon, 2007 ) . If overbooking is non implemented right it can ensue in loss of room gross, loss of hotel repute, decreased client trueness and lessening hotels profitableness. This study discusses the chief features of overbooking and its impact on the company in theoretical and practical prospective. Theoretical penetrations of overbooking One of the cardinal constructs in Revenue Management is overbooking. The pattern of overbooking can be defined as corroborating more reserves than the hotels available physical capacity to supply the service. ( Ivanov, 2006 ; Ivanov, 2007 ; Chiang et Al 2007 ; McGill, new wave Ryzin,1999 ; Kamath, Bhosale, Manjrekar,2008 ) . Hence, the aim of overbooking is to better the expected net income and alternatively of selling each room one time, net income can be increased by selling it several times ( Birkenheuer, 2009 ) . In fact, overbooking as an built-in portion of Revenue Management has received important attending from literature. From a historical position, overbooking is present in the surveies of Falkson ( 1969 ) , Simon ( 1968 ) , Vickrey ( 1972 ) and many others. The major aim of these surveies was to sketch a control pattern for cancellations. Nowadays, overbooking has become an emerging affair in industries with perishable merchandises. It yields considerable impacts on companies public presentation. In footings of the cordial reception industry, the profitableness of hotels is mostly dependent on their use of capacity. Conversely, demand for suites and extensions of stay are really unstable and are difficult to foretell ( new wave Ryzin, 2005 ) . Hoteliers are challenged by how to find the business of suites for clients who are financially unequal and meanwhile maintain a stable rate of demand given the difficult to foretell fortunes ( Okumus, 2004 ) . This is all possible utilizing overbooking, which enables proper allotment of resources and optimisation of gross revenues. However, maximising the figure of sold suites per dark can non be easy accomplished. One of the most ambitious undertakings of the hotel operation direction is to cover with the unpredictable nature of the clients, because non all booked reserves will turn into existent service ingestion ( Lai et al, 2005 ) . To this terminal overbooking may imply a company from the cordial reception industry non being able to function all its clients decently because of lower figure of ab initio expected people that do non look as agreed. In this regard, overbooking may hold both positive and negative impact. On the one manus, it may ensue in refusal to supply a service, but on the other, it can besides take the signifier of compensation for those booking agents, who can non have the value bundle they have agreed on and paid for ( Kimes and Wagner, 2001 ) . From their practical experience directors know that all non engagements confirmed for a peculiar day of the month will be truly used ( Ivanov, 2006 ) . There are several possible scenarios that can do this. Despite of their reserves, because of different fortunes some invitees cancel their stay and end their reserves, some does non call off their engagement but fail to demo up, or other invitees cut down their stay and as a consequence the room remains unsold and therefore capacity non use is lost everlastingly ( Ivanov, 2006, Talluri et Al, 2004 ; Chiang et Al, 2007 ; Hung, 2004 ; Bitran ; Leon, 1989 ) . Therefore hotels adopt overbooking in order to protect against losingss with no-shows and to countervail the consequence of cancellations and shortened corsets ( Hwang and Wen, 2009 ; Kamath et Al, 2008 ; Selmi, 2008 ; Chiang et Al 2007 ; Hung, 2004 ; Sulistio, Kim, and Buyya, 2008 ) . Impacts of overbooking on hotels operation direction Apart from the chance of the hotel to minimise the consequence of reserve uncertainnesss there are possibilities the figure of cancellations and no shows to be less so the figure of overbookings, so some of the clients will non be accommodated and should be walked to other hotels ( Ivanov, 2006 ) . Therefore, if a hotel decides to use overbooking in its operations it should pull off carefully non merely the chance cost of the unsold room but besides the overbooking costs for alternate hotel adjustment and transit that the hotel has to pay in order to counterbalance a client in instance of overbooking ( Ivanov, 2006 ; Hung, 2004 ) . Besides the apparent fiscal costs happening in instance of walking a invitee holding already booked, costs the lost hotel s good will and repute and the hazards of dissatisfaction, loss of trust, loss of future client trueness are much more expensive for the hotel ( Selmi, 2007 ) . Overbooking policy and control Harmonizing to Selmi ( 2007 ) , the hazard of client refusal appears if the overbooking is no accomplished exactly . In this respect, Kimes ( 1989 ) emphasized on the importance of a clearly stated overbooking policy within the hotel operation direction. The aim of overbooking policy and control is to happen an optimum overbooking degree to maximise the expected gross and to minimise the possible hazard of denied service ( Chiang et al 2007 ) . Netessine and Shumsky ( 2002 ) as cited by Ivanov ( 2006 ; 2007 ) proposed a basic mathematical theoretical account for ciphering the optimum figure of overbookings and harmonizing to his findings the optimum overbooking degree is reciprocally related to the sum of cancellation charges applied the closer the cancellation charge to the room rate, the lower the lost benefit from the unoccupied room and the less stimuli to overbook . In instance of presence of guaranteed and non-guaranteed engagements, Ivanov ( 2007 ) suggests that the optimum figure of overbookings has to be set individually for each type. Alternatively, harmonizing to Hung ( 2004 ) factors that could be considered while puting overbooking bounds include: chances of cancellation and no-show ; room demand distribution over clip and conditions of length of stay ; stay extension chances influenced by the intended length of stay. Furthermore Hung ( 2004 ) assumes that the proportion of cancellations depends on the client class, intended length of stay, twenty-four hours of hebdomad of first stay over, and clip until first stay over. Impact of overbooking on client behaviour Harmonizing to Talluri et Al ( 2004 ) overbooking is often cited in client ailments and remains the primary beginning of dissatisfaction. Furthermore, consequences of an experiment made by Wangenheim and Bayon ( 2007 ) confirm that the pattern of overbooking is likely to be perceived as unjust by service clients. Wangenheim and Bayon ( 2007 ) analyze behavioural effects of the equity towards overbooking by suggesting and corroborating several hypotheses. Harmonizing to their research the negative effects of service failure originating from overbooking are stronger for the high position client than for the low position clients and hence, hotelkeepers have to carefully overbook its high-values categories . Additionally, Wangenheim and Bayon ( 2007 ) stress on the importance that if a hotel ignores the log-run behaviour effects of overbooking, this may take to negative effects on its operations. One such negative effect is proposed to be a client who faces a denied service due to overbooking and still remains hotels client because of either high fixed exchanging barriers or current trueness rank plans. However, in response to the service failure the client may set its investing into the exchange relationship non merely by diminishing the figure of gross revenues, but besides by seeking to take advantage of price reduction offers or buying lower degree services from the hotel ( Wangenheim and Bayon, 2007 ) . On the other manus, Hwang and Wen ( 2009 ) analyze the consequence of the sensed equity toward hotels overbooking and compensation patterns by analyzing clients reactions toward hotel overbooking. Some of their most critical findings from this survey are that adult females are more likely than work forces to experience that overbooking is unjust , clients perceptual experiences to the equity of overbooking is non affected by other client variables including length of stay, rank position, remunerator beginning, reserve channel, and reserve clip ; participants perceived equity toward the hotel s overbooking and compensation policies were strongly correlated with positive viva-voce promotion. One of the most of import consequences of the research shows that the sensed equity of the participants toward the hotel s compensation policy is related to their trueness. Therefore, Hwang and Wen ( 2009 ) propose that hotels should see planing compensations that help positively influence cli ents perceived fairness toward overbooking and that encourage clients on-going backing and trueness. In a decision, issues like finding the optimum figure of extra reserves, minimising compensation cost, and covering with the negative effects from clients confronting a denied service are considered as the most ambitious countries of the pattern of overbooking and every hotel endeavoring to maximise its profitableness should non undervalue them ( Sulistio, Kim, and Buyya, 2008 ) . Practical Deductions of overbooking As the cordial reception industry is germinating, hotel proprietors and hotel directors are invariably seeking to update their attacks in order to accomplish optimum allotment of resources. Novelli, Schmitz and Spencer ( 2006 ) have discovered that hotelkeepers make every attempt to use modern-day engineerings in their concern. By this deduction, hotel directors and proprietors do non merely prolong competitory advantage, but besides create new merchandises and services. In position of this, it can be concluded that execution of new engineerings that create new merchandises is a technological invention ( Evangelista, 1999 ) . On the other manus, the execution of advanced engineerings to a service company can hold a important influence in footings of operational efficiency ( Freeman and Soete, 1997 ) . Additionally, Porter ( 1990 ) supports the latter thesis by foregrounding that the public presentation of a company is extremely dependent on new engineerings. In position of technological inventions today many hotels recognize the importance of overbooking pattern and therefore its execution has become by and large recognized measure toward hotels successful operations. The practical application of Revenue Management and Overbooking incorporates the undermentioned built-in elements ( Vinod, 2004 ) : Figure 1 Revenue Management application Degree centigrades: UsersamadDesktopCapture.JPG Beginning: Vinod, B. ( 2004 ) , Journal of Revenue A ; Pricing Management Market cleavage: Segmenting clients harmonizing to their penchants and disbursement forms is a must to do certain the most appropriate clients with absolutely fitted properties are sold the proper suites that can maximise grosss ( Oliveira, 2003 ) . Specifying rate categories ( stock list pooling ) : Involves making groups of the bing rates that close in footings of value ( Vinod, 2004 ) . Demand prediction: demand prediction is indispensable to find room tenancy. In the context of Revenue Management it is of import as it can command tenancy utilizing the information of length of stay. This can be achieved by possessing informations on rate category demand and continuance of stay ( Vinod, 2004 ) . Supply prediction: earlier and late check-out procedures can besides find room tenancy, which is an component besides involved in Revenue Management. Overbooking control: encompasses gross revenues of suites transcending the maximal available figure of suites to countervail for no shows and cancellations. However, there are some hazards associated with overbooking as it may ensue in grudges from unsated clients who have received an inappropriate room. In such instances hotelkeepers offer compensations and periphery benefits ( Smith, 1982 ) . Harmonizing to Vinod ( 1992 ) Revenue Management can convey 20 % of the entire grosss. Revenue mix control and exclusion processing: involves be aftering of import hereafter day of the months with discretion and fiting them with overbooking degrees ( Vinod, 2004 ) . Performance measuring and direction coverage: closely size uping the Revenue Management processes is indispensable to track down the information quality and future be aftering footing. However, in order to take a hotel into a victorious way, overbooking has to be managed and controlled really carefully. Ivanov ( 2006 ) defines the direction of overbooking as a set of managerial techniques and activities connected with uninterrupted planning, reserve and control and he outlined two chief groups of activities that should be performed in the day-to-day hotel operation. The hotel directors should on one manus, to specify an optimum figure of overbookings for each day of the month and continuously to modify it harmonizing to the market alterations of the hotel and the specific demand and booking spiels and on the other manus, to pull off carefully determinations and operational activities related with walking invitees with overbookings. In this respect, Ivanov ( 2006 ) proposes that factors such as length of stay, suites rates and client position have to be considered by hotel directors while covering with walking a invitee with confirmed reserve. Additionally, Kimes ( 1989 ) analyzes several managerial concerns indispensable for an effectual overbooking pattern and states that top direction can non presume tha t Revenue Management will merely go on, it requires careful planning and preparation . Therefore employees have to be intensively trained in order to clearly understand the purpose and features of overbooking. Furthermore, employees who are straight covering with overbooking determinations have to be sporadically trained how to act in possible client struggles and to take their ain determinations in an unfamiliar state of affairs ( Ivanov, 2006 ) . In order to be minimized the possible client dissatisfaction in instance of overbooking, it is critical for the hotel to set up service recovery programmes with standardised processs and to do employees to be cognizant and follow them ( Ivanov, 2006 ) For a profitable applied overbooking in the cordial reception industry, hotels must understand non merely consumers behaviour but besides to see the impact of competition and the presently economic state of affairs that imposes important supply and demand fluctuations. As hotels compete with each other in order to pull more clients, Revenue Management determinations of one hotel necessarily act upon the demand for other hotels in the same part or country. However, recent tendencies propose that hotels should join forces with is rivals that consequence in increased figure of formed confederations with each other to maximise their gross ( Chiang et al, 2007 ) Revenue Management s challenges in the cordial reception industry As explained before, Revenue Management finds application to two important industries: cordial reception and air hose. The first one, nevertheless, is much more complex in footings of industry impregnation and suites direction. This creates hurdlings for the optimu m operation of Revenue Management techniques. In the hotel industry Revenue Management can be applied either locally or via centralised system. The 2nd one involves garnering informations and taking determinations from a focal site for other belongingss. In pattern merely a limited figure of hotels and hotel ironss are able to pull off centralized informations processing and hence the bulk of participants on the cordial reception industry opt for belongings based Revenue Management. Recommendations for future research Despite of the acknowledged importance of overbooking as one the most effectual successful Revenue Management techniques used in hotel operation and widely discussed subject in research literature, there are no current surveies discoursing the overbooking direction of Bulgarian hotels and its impact on their operation. Therefore, future research may concentrate on the possible application of Revenue Management techniques to the Bulgarian cordial reception industry. Future surveies may besides concentrate on the demand side of Bulgarian touristry as the state has witnessed fluctuating visitant rates during the past two decennaries despite the turning net incomes generated by the peculiar industry. Decisions In order to last in the ferocious competition and to bring forth more gross while utilizing the same sum of resorts it is necessary and critical to the hotels operation direction to utilize efficaciously its reserve stock list and to increase its tenancy rate ( Hung, 2004 ) . Revenue Management techniques and the theoretical accounts of overbooking if applied suitably would maximise the grosss of hotels ( Kamath et al, 2008 ) . However, the possibilities of client dissatisfaction, and hazard of loss of repute because of denied service, force many hotels to avoid the pattern of overbooking. Therefore, before hotel directors to deicide whether or non to implement overbooking they should first see what Birkenheuer ( 2009 ) explained the best appraisal of hazard and chance will supply the best net income . In this survey we have outlined the dynamic nature of service industries and have demonstrated the importance of Revenue Management and most notably one of its most important facets overbooking. We have narrowed the range of this research down to the cordial reception industry and have found major differences in the demand patterns towards such companies in the former industry. Some clients prefer flexible cancellation footings, while others are non much attentive to that. Hoteliers offer differential pricing to their ain advantage to fudge against fluctuating demand. We have besides found that permutation is one of the most effectual method of pull offing overbooking patterns, but yet a cost/benefit analysis must be performed in order to track down the existent effects. Basically, within the current dynamic determination doing state of affairs in the cordial reception industry, overbooking degrees have been found to hold important gross maximising belongingss. In position of this, through this survey we have discovered some of the main direction aims that could be achieved through overbooking in the model of Revenue Management: net income maximization ; capa city allotment ; maximization of mean gross per client ; maximization of net present value ; and minimisation of client grudges. Finally, as cordial reception industry on a planetary graduated table is a aggregate volume-driven concern, overbooking has become an emerging subject as vacant suites do non convey any net incomes. However, possibly even more important remains the job how to pull off client letdown, in instances they can non be relocated to similar hotels as a consequence of overbooking. Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-76319997639817151062019-11-21T06:19:00.001-08:002019-11-21T06:19:07.230-08:00From Typical Contracts to E-Contracts AssignmentFrom Typical Contracts to E-Contracts - Assignment Example Therefore it is advantageous as it saves both consumers the time they would have used to travel to the signing offices. Third, the technology has greatly improved efficiency in the real estate sector hence resulting to reduce ââ¬Å"contract-to-closing times.â⬠Also, the electronic contract system reduces deforestation. This is because it has eliminated the use of papers for documentation. Instead, it uses CDââ¬â¢s where the signed documents are stored and issued to the consumers. In addition, the new procedures favor consumers who do not like to reveal their identity. This is because there is no eye contact between the buyer and seller. The only person who gets to meet the consumers is the attorney thus providing privacy to those who value their personal privacy. From the 1st classmate, I would agree with him that it feels different while closing deals through electronic system compared with the traditional way. Despite the difference in two methods, both need much attention as a way of maintaining accuracy. By using this method, consumers risk losing nothing since they are guaranteed protection from the real estate companies. None of their protection will be jeopardized in electronic contracts since all procedures are done in private. To the 2nd classmate, I think you should end the doubts you have towards the e-contract system. It is true people rarely read the whole contract but with the use of e-contracts, one can read them faster than reading hard copies . The search and find tools make all the difference thereby making the transactions easy and transparent. In addition to this, conditions precedent adhere to thereby the whole procedure is done under the discharge performance rule. By this, it means that the completion of the consumersââ¬â¢ contract can only be done through following what was promised before the signing of that contract. Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-20408370278300752512019-11-20T06:24:00.001-08:002019-11-20T06:24:05.161-08:00Food Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsFood Analysis - Essay Example Pollan identified this concern and explored it extensively in his script the omnivoreââ¬â¢s dilemma. Based on the concepts noted by Pollan and other scholars would enable one analyze the production, handling of chicken, its effects and suitability in the society. Since the date of domestication, chicken has dominated peopleââ¬â¢s diet since it has a high nutrition value. Individuals also prefer chicken because of its less complicated rearing and preparation procedures. Consequently, chicken is customary food that is significant in the contemporary society (Michael 18). Industries can process chicken into various food supplements based on modern technologies. This has increased the popularity of this type of food. Studies indicate that the present chicken consumption rate is about 4kgs per head within a year, and estimates highlight that the rate is likely to increase in future. Furthermore, studies assert that more than 60% of worldââ¬â¢s population consumes chicken (Neil & Clive 4). During earlier centuries, the society consumed chickens that came from local homes where they were reared using customary procedures and in small quantities. However, this is never the situation with the current society. These customary sources are unable to sustain high demands for chicken leading to the establishment of the alternative sources. Presently, the society entirely gets chickens from commercial industries specializing in chicken rearing. Individuals obtain chickens from chicken complexes that have hatcheries, processing units, and chicken farms. These plants rear chickens specifically for commercial purposes (Michael 26). In these commercial centers, chickens grow in secluded cages or houses with limited space for movements. Initially, in the hatchery, a selecting breed with rapid growth and weight gaining rates provide the eggs that are hatched to produce chicks (Michael 28). These chicks are reared in houses Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-85514266028730050972019-11-17T19:08:00.001-08:002019-11-17T19:08:03.321-08:00Why did the Macmillan administration chose to opt for EC membership EssayWhy did the Macmillan administration chose to opt for EC membership - Essay Example The treaty worked to free the movement of goods, services, capital and labor between its member nations. In 1960, as a result and in an attempt to destroy or absorb the proposed EEC common market, the U.K. and Sweden created the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). EFTA was an attempt to conserve Britains role and economic position which was remotely attractive to major Western European states. In 1963, the Prime Minister of U.K., Harold Macmillan, decided to change Britainââ¬â¢s foreign policy towards the European Community and attempted to join EEC. He suggested to unite the member countries of EFTA with ECC to incorporate all of Europe but France vetoed further talks. Macmillan saw that the exclusion from EEC was damaging to Britain both economically and politically. The following sections will presents the reasons why Macmillanââ¬â¢s administration chose to opt for European Community membership. To maintain Britainââ¬â¢s world role in the face of economic enervation, Macmillan did not follow Anthony Edenââ¬â¢s policy of reliance on the United States. He evolved the British strategy to include a new relationship with Europe to complement the increasingly unreliable American proxy (Ruane & Ellison 2004:1). Edenââ¬â¢s administration saw that the maintenance of the British extended empire placed a burden on the countrys economy beyond its resources. They manipulated a foreign policy to ensure that the countryââ¬â¢s strength was equal to its obligations. They aimed to persuade the U.S. to assume burdens of an international defence organization while retaining for Britain as much political control as possible. This was the only solution Eden came up with to spread the burden of two major obligations for which Britain currently bore primary responsibility. In January 1957, the Suez Canal crisis brought down Prime Minister Eden and caused his resignation to be succeeded by Harold Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8256159299776207883.post-82025739251976004262019-11-15T07:39:00.001-08:002019-11-15T07:39:03.312-08:00I Have A Dream Speech Outline Theology Religion EssayI Have A Dream Speech Outline Theology Religion Essay 2 Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves, who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity. 3 But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a cast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. And so weve come here today to dramatize a shameful condition. Tie To Audience/ Relevancy Statement/ Reveal Your Topic : Author linked freedom to checks, signifying that every American has this check but African Americans are unable to claim it. 4 In a sense weve come to our nations capitol to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men yes, black men as well as white men would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. 5 It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note to insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check a check which has come back marked insufficient funds.à Credibility Material : Speaker self is an African American speaking on the common issue faced by all. 6 But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so weve come to cash this check a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. Thesis Preview: Thesis: Emphasized on a brief summary of now and its importance. 7 We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of Gods children. Preview: Why now . 8 It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. This sweltering summer of the Negros legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges. Transition: Moving into main points elaborating why now . 9 But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice. In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. Body Main Point 1 : 10 We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. Subpoint 1: 11 The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people. For many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. They have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone. Sub-sub point/elaboration: 12 As we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, When will you be satisfied? Sub-sub point/elaboration: We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negros basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their selfhood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating For Whites Only. We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream. Subpoint 2: 13 I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. S Sub-sub point/elaboration: Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. Sub-sub point/elaboration: You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive. Transition: 14 Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our Northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed. Let us not wallow in the valley of despair. Main Point 2 : 15 I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream. 1. Subpoint 1 : 16 I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed, We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. Sub-sub point/elaboration: 17 I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. 18 I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. Sub-sub point/elaboration: 19 I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today. 20 I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today. 21 I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plane and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together. 2. Subpoint 2: 22 This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to South with. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. S Sub-sub point/elaboration: 23 This will be the day this will be the day when all of Gods children will be able to sing with new meaning, My country tis of thee, sweetland of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrims pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring. And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. Sub-sub point/elaboration: 24 So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania! 3. Subpoint 3: 25 Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado! Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California! S Sub-sub point/elaboration: 26 But not only that. Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia! 27 Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee! 28 Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.à III. Conclusion Brakelight: 29 And when this happens, Summary: when we allow freedom ring when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city Tie Back to Audience: we will be able to speed up that day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, Concluding Memorable Remarks: Free at last! Free at last! Thank God almighty, we are free at last! Holyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08082900608991797930noreply@blogger.com0